2019年深圳市10家木质家具制造企业木粉尘危害半定量风险评估

Semi-quantitative risk assessment of wood dust hazard in 10 wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen in 2019

目的 为预防和控制深圳市木质家具行业的木粉尘危害,保护劳动者职业健康,并为企业更好地进行木粉尘的职业健康管理提供依据。方法 本研究采用职业卫生调查法、职业卫生检测法、作业分级、半定量风险评估法等方法,对木质家具企业接触木粉尘危害作业岗位的风险水平进行评价。结果 本次研究共采集木粉尘样品579个,有132个样品超过国家职业接触限值,超标率为22.8%。共对153个作业场所进行木粉尘作业分级,作业分级为“中度危害”的占40.5%,“轻度危害”的占30.7%,“重度危害”的占28.1%,“相对无害”的占0.7%。结论 木质家具行业木粉尘危害严重。木工岗位、打磨岗位、机加工岗位和开料岗位是该行业木粉尘防治的重点岗位,应加强防控治理力度。

Objective In order to prevent and control the harm of wood dust in wood furniture industry in Shenzhen, to protect the occupational health of workers, and to provide basis for better occupational health management of wood dust in enterprises.Methods In this study, occupational health survey, occupational health testing, job classification, semi-quantitative risk assessment methods were used to assess the risk level of wood dust exposure in wood furniture enterprises.Results In this study, 579 samples of wood dust were collected, 132 samples exceeded the national occupational exposure limit, the rate of exceeding the limit was 22.8%. A total of 153 workplaces were graded for wood dust operations, which were classified as "moderate hazard"(40.5%), "light hazard"(30.7%), "serious hazard"(28.1%) and "relatively harmless"(0.7%).Conclusion Wood dust is a serious hazard in the wood furniture industry, especially in carpentry posts, sanding posts, machining posts and cutting posts, which are the key posts of wood dust prevention and control in this industry, it should strengthen the prevention and control of wood dust in these key posts.