安阳某炼钢厂高温与噪声混合作业人员血压及心电图检测结果分析

Analysis of blood pressure and ECG results of workers exposed to high temperature and noise in a steel plant of Anyang city

目的了解高温与噪声混合环境下作业工人血压和心电图异常的状况,为研究高温与噪声对心血管系统的联合作用提供人科学依据。方法以安阳市某炼钢厂长期接触高温和噪声的451名工人为实验组,以该钢厂420名未接触高温和噪声的行政、后勤及安保人员为对照组,分别进行血压和心电图检查并进行结果比对。结果接触组的高血压检出率23.3%(105/451)高于对照组的高血压检出率11.7%(49/420),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.18,P<0.01);接触组的心电图异常率35.5%(160/451)高于对照组的心电图异常率17.4%(73/420),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.22,P<0.01);且随着工龄的增加而升高,二者具有正相关性。其中心电图异常现象主要表现为窦性心律不齐、窦性心动过缓、T波改变、ST段改变、左心室高电压等。结论长期接触高温与噪声作业会造成炼钢厂作业人员的高血压和心电图发生异常改变,影响员工的身心健康。

Objective To investigate the status of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram in workers exposed to high temperature and noise, this paper provides population data for the combined effects of high temperature and noise on cardiovascular system.Methods 451 workers exposed to high temperature and noise for a long time in Anyang city were selected as the exposure group, and 420 administrative, logistics and security personnel without exposure to high temperature and noise were selected as the control group.Results The detection rate of hypertension in the experimental group was 23.3%(105/451), which was higher than that in the control group(11.7%, 49/420), and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.18,P<0.01);the abnormal rate of ECG in the experimental group was 35.5%(160/451), which was higher than that in the control group(17.4%, 73/420), and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=21.22,P<0.01);with the increase of working age, and there was a positive correlation between them. The ECG abnormalities mainly manifested as sinus arrhythmia, sinus bradycardia, T wave changes, ST segment changes, left ventricular high voltage and so on.Conclusion Long term exposure to high temperature and noise will cause hypertension and abnormal ECG changes of workers in steel-making plant, which affect their physical and mental health.