北京市石景山社区40岁及以上居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率调查

An epidemiological study of the awareness,treatment and control rate of diabetes in residents older than 40 years in Shijingshan District of Beijing

目的了解北京市石景山社区40岁及以上居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率,为制定防治干预措施提供科学依据。方法在北京市石景山社区采用非随机整群抽样的方法,对2015年6—7月40岁以上社区居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和血液生化指标检测,了解糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率情况,并统计分析不同年龄组、性别、家族史、疾病史和健康行为状况下居民糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率情况。结果共纳入3824名调查对象,女性2543名(66.50%),年龄中位数59岁。糖尿病患病率为20.66%(790/3824),知晓率81.52%(644/790),药物治疗率88.66%(571/644),控制率44.72%(288/644)。男性糖尿病患病率(24.20%)高于女性(18.88%),女性中各年龄组间患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女性教育水平在小学及以下者患病率最高(32.55%),不同教育水平间患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有糖尿病家族史者糖尿病患病率较高(31.60%与15.44%,P<0.05),知晓率也较高(85.64%与77.50%,P<0.05)。有高血压病史者糖尿病患病率较高(26.10%与14.95%,P<0.05),血脂异常者的糖尿病患病率较高(24.10%与13.34%,P<0.05),但知晓率、治疗率和控制率差异均无统计学意义。结论北京市石景山社区居民的糖尿病知晓率、治疗率和控制率水平仍需进一步提高;男性、高龄女性、教育程度低、有糖尿病家族史、有高血压及血脂异常人群糖尿病患病率较高。

Objective To understand the awareness,treatment rate and control rate of diabetes in the residents older than 40 years in communities of Shijingshan district of Beijing,and to provide scientific data for the prevention and intervention of diabetes.Methods In the Shijingshan district of Beijing,non-random cluster sampling survey was conducted in the residents older than 40 years in communities to investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rate of diabetes mellitus from June to July 2015.Demographic and clinical data was collected through face-to-face interview and physical examination,and fasting blood was collected for blood biochemical examination.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of diabetes in residents of different age groups,sex,family history,disease history and health behavior were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 3824 cases were included in this study,including 2543(66.50%)females,with a median age of 59 years.The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus was 20.66%(790/3824),the awareness rate was 81.52%(644/790),the drug treatment rate was 88.66%(571/644),and the control rate was 44.72%(288/644).The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in males(24.20%)was higher than that in females(18.88%).There was statistically significant differences in prevalence among different age groups in females(P<0.05).The prevalence rate of female education level in primary school and below was the highest(32.55%),and there was statistically significant difference among different education levels(P<0.05).The prevalence of diabetes was higher in those with a family history of diabetes(31.60%vs.15.44%,P<0.05),as well as the awareness rate(85.64%vs.77.50%,P<0.05).The prevalence of diabetes was higher in those with a history of hypertension(26.10%vs.14.95%).The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was higher in patients with dyslipidemia(24.10%vs.13.34%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of diabetes in communities of Shijingshan district,Beijing need to be further improved.The prevalence of diabetes is significantly higher in male,elderly female,low education level,family history of diabetes,hypertension and dyslipidemia.