车用永磁同步电机电磁振动噪声仿真和试验研究

Simulation and experimental analysis of electromagnetic vibration and noise for vehicle permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motors

研究了全负荷工况下8极48槽车用永磁同步电机电磁振动噪声仿真建模方法,并通过消声室台架试验验证了研究方法的有效性。首先,建立考虑材料各向异性特性的定子铁芯和系统模型,分析各向异性材料参数灵敏度,并利用激振器模态敲击试验验证仿真模型;其次,针对永磁同步电机和电驱动桥二合一系统,建立电磁-结构-声学多物理场耦合模型,基于三维分布式电磁力激励,仿真再现了全负荷加速工况下电机电磁辐射噪声,并分析电磁噪声特征;最后,利用消声室台架试验结果,验证了永磁同步电机电磁-结构-声学多物理场耦合模型的准确性,重点阐明2000 r/min附近48阶噪声峰值点产生机理,研究成果可进一步用于车用永磁同步电机设计开发和电磁振动噪声产生机理研究。

An electromagnetic vibration and noise simulation method of an 8 poles-48 slots vehicle permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor were analyzed on wide open throttle(WOT)condition,which was then validated by a bench test in an anechoic chamber.Firstly,an anisotropic material stator core and a stator system model were established,and anisotropic material parameter sensitivity analys is was carried out.Modal results of the stator system were validated by a modal impact test.Secondly,for the 2in1 system including the permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor and an electrical drive axle,an electromagnetic,structural and acoustic multi-physical coupled model was built.Based on three-dimensional distributed electromagnetic force excitation,electromagnetic noise was predicted on WOT and accelerating condition and electromagnetic noise characteristics were analyzed.Finally,the electromagnetic,structural and acoustic multi-physical coupled model of the permanent magnetic electrical motor was validated by bench test results in the anechoic chamber.The mechanism of the 48th order cut peak level problem at 2000 r/min was clarified emphatically.The research achievements will contribute to vehicle permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor design and mechanism analysis of electromagnetic vibration and noise.