4种干旱半干旱地区植物种子萌发温度条件的研究

Study on Seed Germination Temperature Conditions of Four Plants in Arid and Semi-arid Area

为了解不同温度条件下种子发芽情况,掌握温度处理对破除其休眠状态的影响,采用分析比较的方法,以暴马丁香、柠条锦鸡儿、俄罗斯大果沙棘和中国沙棘种子为试验材料,设置3个不同浸种温度(0℃、40℃、50℃),记录种子萌发过程中的发芽数、胚根、胚芽生长量。通过计算种子发芽指标(发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、初始发芽天数),得出结果:40℃、50℃浸种条件对暴马丁香和中国沙棘种子萌发起抑制作用,其各项指标均呈下降趋势;柠条锦鸡儿只在0℃时萌发;温水对俄罗斯大果沙棘种子起促进作用。通过结果分析发现,在干旱半干旱地区进行水浸催芽播种时,暴马丁香、柠条锦鸡儿和中国沙棘浸种温度不宜过高,俄罗斯大果沙棘种子用50℃温水浸种可促进种子萌发并提前其初始发芽天数。

In order to understand the seed germination at different temperature conditions and grasp the influence of temperature treatment on breaking its dormancy,the germination number,germ growth and radicle growth of Syringa reticulata,Caragana korshinskii,Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from Russia and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from China were recorded during germinating period with setting different soaking temperatures(0℃,40℃,50℃).Through calculating the germination indexes(germination rate,germination index,vigor index,initial germination days),the soaking conditions at 40℃and 50℃could inhibit the seed germination of Syringa reticulata and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from China,and all the indexes showed a downward trend.The seed of Caragana korshinskii only germinated at 0℃.High temperature could promote the seed germination of Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from Russia.The results showed that the soaking temperature of Syringa reticulata,Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from China should not be too high when seeding in arid and semi-arid areas,while soaking seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.variety from Russia with 50℃warm water could promote seed germination and bring forward the initial germination days.