夜光遥感与POI数据耦合关系中的城市空间结构分析——以深圳市为例

Urban spatial structure based on spatial coupling between nighttime light data and POI:a case study of Shenzhen

由于目前缺乏使用夜光遥感与POI(兴趣点)在空间与时间上对城市空间结构的研究,选择深圳市作为研究区,搜集了2014、2017和2019年的夜光遥感数据与POI数据作为数据源,通过核密度分析与叠加分析将两种数据的处理结果进行网格化后叠加分析,使用双因素制图法对3个年份耦合相同与相异的地区进行可视化,并将结果与城市空间结构进行对比,实现对城市空间结构的分析。结果表明:1)深圳市的夜光遥感数据与POI数据分布较为一致,基本呈现高耦合状态;2)从空间上看,两种数据的耦合相同区域与地区经济发展程度和地表海拔状况具有相关性,并在城市中心与火车站所在的大范围同质化区域体现出一些耦合相异区;3)从时间上看,与城市中心相关联的耦合相异区整体呈现随时间变化而由行政中心向外扩展的趋势,两种数据的配合度随时间的推移而变高,但在机场、港区等存在不随时间变化的耦合相异区域。使用多源数据来了解城市空间结构提供一种从空间维度与时间序列两方面进行探索的新视角,可以较准确地体现出城市空间结构的特征。

The study of urban spatial structure by nighttime light and POI(Point of Interest)data in space and time dimensions was insufficient.With Shenzhen as the study area,nighttime light and POI data from 2014,2017 and 2019 were collected.POI data conducts multi-dimensional analysis of urban spatial structure.The two types of data in three years are gridded and analyzed.The two-factor mapping method can visualize the same and different regions coupled in the three years.With the comparisons of urban spatial structures,there are following findings.(1)The distribution of nighttime light data in Shenzhen is relatively consistent with the POI data,basically showing a state of high coupling.(2)The coupling of the two types of data is related to the degree of regional economic development and the state of surface altitude.The large-scale homogeneous area with the city center and the railway station shows some coupling and dissimilar areas.(3)The coupling and dissimilar areas associated with the city center appear an administrative center expansion trend.The degree of coordination between nighttime light data and POI data becomes higher and higher over time.Different coupling areas in airports and ports do not change over time.This study provides a new perspective for exploring urban spatial structure by multi-source data from both spatial dimensions and time.