羊布鲁氏菌病直接经济损失与防控成本效益分析方法构建及实证研究

Establishment of an Analytical Method for Direct Economic Loss Caused by Sheep Brucellosis and Cost-effectiveness of Its Control with Empirical Research

为了解我国布鲁氏菌病(以下简称“布病”)一类地区羊布病造成的直接经济损失及防控投入合理性,构建了羊布病直接经济损失指标体系和防控成本效益评估方法,并对我国羊主产区4省份17市县的防疫部门和319个养羊场户进行实地走访与问卷调查。共回收防疫部门问卷21份,场户有效问卷301份,涉及124个布病羊场和177个无布病羊场。运用Excel、SPSS等软件,对问卷数据进行统计分析。结果显示:2020年单只布病羊直接经济损失平均为4557元(不含奶羊),各省份羊布病损失为1.8亿~20.4亿元,其中养羊场户损失占比较高,占总损失的73.0%~81.0%;各省份政府的布病防控效益成本比为5:1~38:1。结果表明,羊布病导致的经济损失严重,对其防控可取得显著经济效益。建议养殖户及政府进一步加大布病防控投入,而且政府应提高预防性投入比重。本研究为优化布病防控政策提供了技术支撑。

In order to identify the direct economic loss caused by sheep brucellosis in class I area of China and the financial rationality in its prevention and control,an index system of direct economic loss caused by the disease and a cost-benefit evaluation method of its prevention and control were established.A field visit and questionnaire investigation were conducted in 319 farms/households and the disease prevention departments in 17 cities/counties in 4 provinces which are the main sheep production area.21 questionnaires from the disease prevention departments and 301 from farms/households were collected,covering 124 brucellosis infected farms and 177 brucellosis free farms.The questionnaire data were statistically analyzed by using Excel,SPSS and other software.The results showed that,in 2020,the average direct economic loss of each infected sheep was 4557 yuan(excluding dairy sheep),and the loss in each province was from 0.18 to 2.04 billion yuan,especially in farms/households,accounting for 73.0%-81.0%of the total loss;the benefit-cost ratio of each government at province level for the disease control was about 5:1-38:1.It was concluded that serious economic loss was caused by the brucellosis which should be controlled to achieve significant economic benefits.Therefore,farmers and governments should increase their investment in the disease control,especially governments should improve their proportion of preventive inputs.