政府研发资金补贴对医药制造业创新产出的影响

Impact of Government R&D Subsidy on Innovation Output of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry

目的探讨政府研发资金补贴对医药制造业创新产出的影响。方法从2010年至2020年《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》中提取各省(自治区、直辖市)的专利申请数、政府研发资金补贴、企业研发资金、研发人员等数据,其中西藏、云南、青海的关键数据缺失,最终纳入28个省(自治区、直辖市)的相关数据,采用Stata 13.0软件对其进行回归分析。以混合回归分析结果为参考值,通过拉格朗日乘子检验判断混合回归和随机效应模型的优劣,通过豪斯曼检验判断固定效应模型和随机效应模型的优劣,通过比较确定最佳研究模型;对各省(自治区、直辖市)时间序列数据进行普通最小二乘估计,得到政府研发资金补贴的投入对企业创新产出的影响。结果政府对医药制造业的研发资金补贴每增加1%,企业创新产出量则增加0.382%。北京、河北、辽宁、吉林、山东等13个省(自治区、直辖市)的政府研发资金补贴与其创新产出关系显著(P<0.05),其中北京、河北、山东、广东等11个省(自治区、直辖市)的创新产出弹性系数均为正值,甘肃省和新疆维吾尔自治区的创新产出弹性系数均为负值;天津、山西、内蒙古、黑龙江等15个省(自治区、直辖市)与其创新产出关系不显著(P>0.05),无法根据其系数判断政府研发资金补贴对创新产出的影响。结论各省(自治区、直辖市)的政府研发资金补贴对医药制造业创新产出影响的差异较大,对经济水平较发达和研发能力较强省份的影响系数总体上大于经济水平较不发达和研发能力较薄弱的省份。

Objective To investigate the impact of government research and development(R&D)subsidy on innovation output of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.Methods The data on the quantity of patent application,government R&D subsidy,enterprise R&D fund and R&D personnel in each province(autonomous region and municipality)were extracted from the China Statistics Yearbook on High Technology Industry(2010-2020).Due to the absence of key data of Tibet,Yunnan and Qinghai,the relevant data of 28 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)were included finally,which were conducted regression analysis by the Stata 13.0 software.The results of pooled regression analysis were taken as reference values,the pros and cons of the pooled regression and the random effects model were judged by the Lagrange multiplier(LM)test,the pros and cons of the fixed effects model and the random effects model were judged by the Hausman test,and the best research model was determined by comparison.The time series data in each province(autonomous region and municipality)was analyzed by the ordinary least square(OLS)estimation to obtain the impact of government R&D subsidy on innovation output of enterprise.Results The innovation output of enterprises increased by 0.382%with the government R&D subsidy for pharmaceutical manufacturing industry increasing by 1%.There was a significant relationship between the government R&D subsidy and innovation output in 13 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)such as Beijing,Hebei,Liaoning,Jilin and Shandong(P<0.05).Among the 13 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities),the elasticity coefficients of innovation output in 11 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)such as Beijing,Hebei,Shandong and Guangdong were positive,while those in Gansu Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were negative.There was no significant relationship between the government R&D subsidy and innovation output in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)such as Tianjin,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang,so the impact of government R&D subsidy on innovative output could not be judged according to their coefficients.Conclusion The impact of government R&D subsidy on the innovative output of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry varies greatly among the provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities),and the impact coefficient of province with higher economic level and stronger R&D capacity is generally greater than that of province with lower economic level and weaker R&D capacity.