当归四逆汤药理作用与临床应用研究进展

Research Progress of Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Application of Danggui Sini Decoction

目的为当归四逆汤的合理应用提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网数据库中1999年至2021年当归四逆汤有关的综述及研究文献,梳理其化学成分及潜在药效物质基础、药理作用、临床应用研究的最新进展,并总结当前研究的不足。结果当归四逆汤的化学成分主要为有机酸、挥发性成分、皂苷类、酚类、单萜类、黄酮类,其中阿魏酸、藁本内酯、桂皮醛、芍药苷、甲基丁香酚、细辛脂素、甘草酸等为当归四逆汤的潜在药效物质基础。当归四逆汤具有抗炎、镇痛,解痉,抗凝血,免疫调节,改善末梢血液循环,提高神经传导速度等药理作用,临床应用广泛,疗效确切,可通过加减化裁治疗内科、外科、妇科、骨科、皮肤科、男科疾病。存在的问题主要有相关化学成分研究不足,临床研究样本少,煎煮方法不统一,毒性成分安全性评价未探索等。结论当归四逆汤的药效明确,应用广泛,但应针对存在的问题进行多组学研究,进一步探索其药效的作用分子机制及复方配伍规律。

Objective To provide a reference for the rational application of Danggui Sini Decoction.Methods Reviews and studies related to Danggui Sini Decoction in the CNKI database from 1999 to 2021 were searched,the latest progress in the chemical components,potential therapeutic material bases,pharmacological effects and clinical application of Danggui Sini Decoction were sorted out,and the shortcomings of the current research of Danggui Sini Decoction were summarized.Results The main chemical components of Danggui Sini Decoction were organic acids,volatile components,saponins,phenols,monoterpenes and flavonoids,of which ferulic acid,ligustilide,cinnamaldehyde,paeoniflorin,methyleugenol,asarinin and glycyrrhizic acid were potential therapeutic material bases of Danggui Sini Decoction.Danggui Sini Decoction had anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antispasmodic and anticoagulant functions,and it could also regulate immune function,improve peripheral blood circulation and nerve conduction velocity(NCV).Danggui Sini Decoction had a wide application in the clinic and clear efficacy,which could be in the treatment of many diseases in departments of internal medicine,surgery,gynecology,orthopedics,dermatology and andrology through the modification.However,Danggui Sini Decoction also had shortcomings such as insufficient research on relevant chemical components,few samples in clinical research,inconsistent decocting methods and unexplored safety evaluation of toxic components.Conclusion Danggui Sini Decoction has clear efficacy and wide application.However,it is necessary to carry out muti-omics studies on the existing problems to further explore the molecular mechanism of efficacy and the law of compound compatibility of Danggui Sini Decoction.