煤的自燃倾向性鉴定方法研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Identification Method for Coal Spontaneous Combustion Tendency

煤自燃火灾是煤矿重大灾害之一。煤自燃倾向性是煤层发生自燃的基本条件,与煤自身的组成和结构紧密相关。科学准确地鉴定煤的自燃倾向性,对防治煤自燃极为重要。本文分析了煤质特性、煤岩组分、元素组成、官能团结构、孔隙构成等因素对自燃倾向性的影响,探究煤自燃倾向性差异的原因,为确定自燃倾向性鉴定方法提供理论支持;系统分析了煤自燃倾向性鉴定方法的现状。虽然目前采用的鉴定方法均能在一定程度上反映煤的自燃倾向性,但都存在不足,没有形成统一标准。为提升鉴定方法的普适性,提出多因素综合评判煤自燃倾向性的方法,并展望该方法的发展方向。

Coal spontaneous combustion is one of the major disasters in coal mines.The spontaneous combustion tendency of coals is the basic condition for the spontaneous combustion of coal seams,which is closely related to the composition and structure of coal.It is very important to scientifically and accurately identify the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals for the prevention and control of the coal spontaneous combustion.In this paper,the influences of coal quality characteristics,coal rock compositions,element compositions,functional group structures,pore structures and other factors on the spontaneous combustion tendency are analyzed,and the reasons resulted in the difference of the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals are explored,which provide theoretical support for determining the identification method of the spontaneous combustion tendency.And the current situation of identification methods for the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals is systematically analyzed.Although the identification methods adopted at present can reflect the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals to a certain extent,there are some shortcomings and there is no unified standard.In order to improve the universality of the identification method,a multi factor comprehensive evaluation method of the coal spontaneous combustion tendency is proposed,and the development direction of this method is prospected.