基于融雪及地貌特征的伊犁地区地质灾害发育规律研究

Study on the Development Regularity of Geological Hazards in Yili Region Based on Snowmelt and Geomorphic Characteristics

为得到新疆伊犁地区地质灾害发育规律,在数字高程模型(DEM)、雪深及地质灾害调查数据的基础上,根据海拔与地形起伏度,利用ArcGIS对伊犁地区进行地貌分类,得出伊犁地区地貌类型特征;再对雪深数据采用克里金插值法得出伊犁地区融雪演化云图,叠加地貌与融雪演化云图,得出融雪地貌分区;最后根据各类灾害点所在位置提取地貌融雪分区,得出各类灾害点发育规律。结果表明,伊犁地区地质灾害多发育在小起伏中山地貌;泥石流发育最多的分区为中海拔丘陵、较低融雪区;地面塌陷与滑坡发育最多的分区为小起伏中山地貌、中融雪区;崩塌发育最多的分区为小起伏中山地貌、低融雪区。

In order to obtain the development law of geological hazards in Yili area, based on the digital elevation model(DEM), snow depth and geological hazard survey data, and according to the altitude and topographic relief, the landform of Yili area is classified by ArcGIS and the landform type characteristics of Yili area are obtained. Then, the snow depth data are obtained by Kriging interpolation method and the snow melting evolution cloud map of Yili area is obtained, and the landform and snow melting evolution cloud map are superimposed to obtain the snow melting landform zoning. Finally, according to the location of various disaster points, the geomorphic snow melting zoning is extracted, and the development law of various disaster points is obtained. The results show that the geological disasters in Yili area mostly develop in the small undulating middle-altitude mountain landform, the most developed areas of debris flow are medium altitude hills and low snowmelt areas, the most developed areas of ground collapse and landslide are small undulating middle-altitude mountain landform and medium snowmelt area, and the most developed areas of collapse are small undulating middle-altitude mountain landform and low melting snow area.