基于景观格局分析法的农户土地细碎化研究——以河北省兴隆县为例

Study on Land Fragmentation of Farmers Based on Landscape Pattern Analysis-Taking Xinglong County of Hebei Province as an Example

土地细碎化可能会造成农业生产效率降低、农村劳动力浪费以及生产成本增加等诸多负面影响。中国的土地细碎化问题非常广泛,并已经在较长时间内存在,以河北省兴隆县农村土地经营权确权登记颁证项目调查数据为基础,进行土地细碎化程度比较分析。基于土地确权技术资料,采用地理空间分析方法、景观格局分析法和主成分分析法比较兴隆县农户土地细碎化程度,主要从户均土地的规模、质量、块数、形状、距离等方面进行研究,最终确定户均地块数和地块密度这两个指数作为反映兴隆县8个乡镇之间土地细碎化程度差异的主要因素;分别测算8个乡镇的土地细碎化水平,并分别分析各地区土地细碎化产生的原因,提出相应的解决对策。基于此,建议从土地整理、鼓励承包、基础设施建设、完善流转政策以及加速城镇化进程等方面改善土地细碎化现状。

Land fragmentation may result in the reduction of agricultural productivity,waste of rural labor and increase of production costs,and many other negative impacts.The problem of land fragmentation in China is very widespread and has existed for a long time,the degree of land fragmentation was compared and analyzed based on the survey data of Xinglong county rural land management right confirmation,registration and certification project.Based on the technical data of land right determination,the degree of land fragmentation of rural households in Xinglong county was compared by using the methods of geospatial analysis,landscape pattern analysis and principal component analysis,mainly from the household average land size,quality,block number,shape,distance and other aspects,it was found that the number of plots per household and the density of plots are the main factors to reflect the difference of the degree of land fragmentation among the eight townships in Xinglong county.The level of land fragmentation in 8 villages and towns was calculated,the causes of land fragmentation were analyzed,and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.Based on this,it was proposed to improve the status of land fragmentation in terms of land consolidation,encouraging contracting,infrastructure construction,improving circulation policies and accelerating urbanization and so on.