首云铁矿废弃土壤对2种景天属植物生长的影响

Effects of Shouyun Iron Mine Abandoned Soil on the Growth of Two Sedum Species

为评价景天属(Sedum)植物在矿山废弃地植被恢复中的应用潜力,以2种景天:德国景天(S. hybridum‘Immergrunchen’)和胭脂红景天(S. spurium‘Coccineum’)的扦插苗为试验材料,通过盆栽试验研究其在北京首云铁矿废弃土壤(包括采矿区土壤、排土场土壤、尾矿砂)2个生长季内的各项生长指标,以确定其在各废弃土壤上的适应性,并运用相关分析和典范对应分析,探讨影响2种景天生长的主要土壤理化性质。结果表明:(1)2种景天在采矿区土壤、排土场土壤和尾矿砂上的存活率分别为40%~66%、68%~90%、33%~46%;(2)不同废弃土壤对2种景天的地上部分和地下根系的各项生长指标均产生了显著的抑制作用,但德国景天在采矿区土壤的适应性较好,可作为采矿区修复的推荐品种,胭脂红景天在排土场土壤的生长表现较好,可作为排土场的修复品种;(3)影响景天属植物生长的土壤因子为通气孔隙度和土壤含水量,其中通气孔隙度的解释率为12.4%,土壤含水量的解释率为8.6%。

To evaluate the potential of Sedum in vegetation restoration of abandoned metal mining areas,the S.hybridum ‘Immergrunchen’ and S.spurium ‘Coccineum’ were used as materials to study their adaptability by growth indexes condition in the abandoned iron mine soil(including mining soil,dump soil,tailing sand)by pot experiment within two growing seasons,and correlation analysis and canonical correspondence analysis were used to discuss the main soil physicochemical properties that affecting Sedum growth.The results showed that the abandoned soil significantly affected the survival rate of two Sedum species in the second growing season.The soil survival rates of the two Sedum species in mining area,dump soil and tailings soil were 40%~66%,68%~90%,33%~46%respectively.Different abandoned soils had significant inhibitory effects on the growth indexes of the two species.S.hybridum ‘Immergrunchen’ could be used as the recommended variety for the restoration of mining areas and S.spurium‘Coccineum’could be used for the dumps.Aerated porosity and soil water content were the main factors affecting the Sedum growth,12.4%and 8.6%respectively.