相互依赖理论视角下危机治理中管理主义和专业主义的冲突与合作

The Conflict and Cooperation Between Managerialism and Professionalism in Crisis Governance from the Perspective of Interdependence Theory

基于4个国家抗击新冠疫情的案例对比,探讨了危机治理中管理主义与专业主义的冲突与合作。研究发现:应对危机事件时,管理主义和专业主义的协同模式效果最佳;促进管理主义与专业主义协同的过程包含专业有效性的发挥和管理逻辑调整两个关键过程;专业有效性的发挥需要一定的专业自主权、良好的专业自治氛围和资源支撑,政府危机治理逻辑应将建立在历史经验上的传统逻辑转向循证决策逻辑;管理主义和专业主义相互影响,相互依赖,且二者之间的关系受到政府授权程度和社会公众压力的影响。此外,管理主义和专业主义之间的双向信任是合作建立的基础,加强与公众的社会契约关系的一致性目标激发了主体之间合作的动机,权责清晰是合作双方相互配合的过程保障。

This study aims to explore the conflict and cooperation between managerialism and professionalism through the comparison of 4 typical countries in responding to the COVID-19 crisis events.The results indicate that the collaborative model of managerialism and professionalism works best when dealing with crisis events,.The cooperation between managerialism and professionalism includes two key processes:the exertion of professional effectiveness and the adjustment of management logic.Professional effectiveness requires professional autonomy to a certain extent and depends on a good professional autonomy atmosphere and resource support.Governments need to transform the traditional logic,which is based on the historical experience of similar events,to evidence-based decision-making logic.Managerialism and professionalism influence and depend on each other.The degree of authorization and public pressure will affect their relationship.The establishment of mutual trust between managerialism and professionalism is the basis of a cooperative relationship.The goal of strengthening the consistency of the social contract relationships with the public can stimulate the motivation of cooperation between the subjects.Clarities of rights and responsibilities are the process assurance of their cooperative relationship.