深圳市龙岗区HIV抗体阳性者蛋白印迹带型分析

Band patterns of western blot of HIV antibody positive patients in Longgang District of Shenzhen

目的 了解2015—2018年深圳市龙岗区艾滋病病毒(HIV-1/2)抗体蛋白印迹试验(WB)阳性样本带型分布规律,为当地艾滋病防控工作提供科学参考依据。方法 采用WB法对2015—2018年2 163份HIV-1/2抗体筛查阳性样本进行确证试验,并用SPSS 25.0软件,以四格表χ2检验和行×列(R×C)表χ2检验进行统计分析。结果 2 163份筛查阳性样本确证阳性率为75.5%(1 634/2 163),9条带(全条带)占33.5%(547/1 634),6条带以上占比最高,为89.4%(1 461/1 634);抗env外膜糖蛋白基因编码的gp160、gp120阳性率最高,均为100.0%,抗gag核心蛋白基因的p55最低,为49.3%(805/1 634)。感染者男女性别比为8.5∶1,性别间及各年龄组间带型检出率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同筛查来源样本的确证阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 抗env类条带是HIV确证阳性的重要依据,WB带型分析有助于提高实验室检测效率;当地应加强各筛查实验室的管理培训,进一步提高其HIV抗体初筛检测的能力。

Objective To understand the protein distribution of HIV-1/2 antibody positive samples by using western blot in Longgang district of Shenzhen from 2015 to 2018,so as to provide scientific evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods Totally, 2 163 cases of HIV-1/2 antibody positive samples from 2015 to 2018 were detected by using Western blot(WB). Chi-square test was performed by using software SPSS 25.0. Results Among 2 163 cases of screened positive samples,1 634 cases(75.5%) were confirmed as HIV positive,and 33.5%(547/1 634) had 9 bands(full bands). Notably,89.4%(1 461/1 634) had more than 6 bands. The detection rate of gp160and gp120 encoded by anti-env gene was highest with the detection rate of 100.0%,whereas p55encoded by anti-gag gene was lowest with the detection rate of 49.3(805/1 634). The rate of men to women of infected patients was 8.5∶ 1. The detection rate was not statistically different among different sex and age groups(P>0.05). The positive rate of samples from different screening source was statistically significant(P<0.001). Conclusions Anti-env bands are an important basis for HIV positive confirmation. Band analysis of WB may be benefit for improving the efficiency of laboratory testing. It is necessary to strengthen the management and training to different screening laboratories of Longgang district, and further improve its ability of HIV antibody in preliminary screening test.