2015—2019年湖南省新报告50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among people aged 50 years and above in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2019

目的分析2015—2019年湖南省新报告50岁及以上HIV/AIDS的流行特点,为提出有效性的艾滋病防控措施提供依据。方法从中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中导出2015—2019年新报告50岁及以上且现住址为湖南的HIV/AIDS病例的历史资料,对病例的基本人口学特征、感染途径、样本来源和晚发现情况进行描述和统计分析。结果2015—2019年湖南省50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS新报告病例共14 398例,年均增长速度为18.51%,病例男女性别比为2.71∶1,年龄主要集中在50~59岁(44.00%)和60~69岁(37.23%),职业主要以农民为主(74.20%),已婚有配偶者占57.96%,小学文化程度者占48.67%。感染途径主要是异性传播占13 578例(94.30%),男性异性传播途径中商业性行为占58.00%。女性异性传播途径中非婚非商业性行为占52.26%。病例的晚发现率这5年分别为54.80%、50.22%、51.69%、44.20%和43.12%,历年无线性变化趋势(线性趋势检验χ^(2)=84.651,P=0.082)。结论2015—2019年湖南省50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS新报告病例呈增多趋势,病例晚发现率呈下降趋势,应继续坚持扩大HIV检测策略、依据异性性传播为主的特征采有针对性的措施进一步加强预防控制。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2019 years,and provide evidence for proposing effective AIDS prevention and control measures.Methods The historical data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and above and whose current address was Hunan in 2015 to 2019 was derived from the China Integrated Prevention and Control Information System of AIDS.Then we performed descriptive and statistical analysis of the basic demographic characteristics,infection routes,sample sources and late detection situation.Results From 2015 to 2019,there were a total of 14 398 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among people aged 50 and above in Hunan Province,with an average annual growth rate of18.51%.The ratio of male to female cases was 2.71∶1.The age mainly distributed among 50-59years old(44.00%) and 60-69 years old(37.23%).Farmers were the main occupation(74.20%),married people accounted for 57.96%,and primary school education accounted for48.67%.The main route of infection was heterosexual transmission,accounting for 13 578 cases(94.30%).And the male heterosexual transmission route accounted for 58.00% of commercial sex.Non-marital and non-commercial sexual behaviors accounted for 52.26% in female heterosexual transmission.The late detection rate in the past 5 years was 54.80%,50.22%,51.69%,44.20%and 43.12% respectively,showing no linear trend (χ^(2)mh=84.651,P=0.082).Conclusions From2015 to 2019,the number of newly reported cases of HIV/AIDS among people aged 50 years and over in Hunan Province is increasing,and the rate of late detection of cases is decreasing.We should continue to expand HIV testing strategies and adopt targeted measures based on heterosexual transmission to further strengthen prevention and control.