区域一体化视角下的弹性城市评价--以长江三角洲地区为例

Evaluation of Resilient Cities from the Perspective of Regional Integration: ACase Study of the Yangtze River Delta Region

随着各种“城市病”问题层出不断,以及重大公共事件突发的不确定性,弹性城市正成为城市发展的新方向。在长江三角洲区域一体化上升为国家战略的背景下,利用熵值‒综合指数法测算该地区41个城市2003—2018年弹性建设水平,并利用空间分析法考察其空间分布特征。研究表明:①研究区内各城市综合弹性指数总体呈上升趋势,且各城市间差距不断缩小,基本形成沿长江、环杭州湾和浙南地区高水平弹性城市格局,但皖北、苏北等长江三角洲外围大部分地区仍处于较低弹性水平;②各城市弹性指数在空间上呈现明显的集聚特征,“高‒高”集聚于上海及其周边城市,“低‒低”集聚于皖北、苏北地区,而湖州、宣城等市表现出“低‒高”集聚特征;③工程、社会和经济弹性的分布与变化特征相对一致,直辖市、省会城市和经济强市水平较高,而研究区内的城市生态弹性水平普遍较低。未来长江三角洲地区城市工程、社会和经济弹性建设应着重缩小地区差距,自然本底较好地区应加强对生态环境的维护,经济发达地区则应提升生态环境治理水平。

With the recent spread of emerging‘urban diseases’and the uncertainty of major public events,resilient cities are becoming a priority for urban development.Considering the regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta as national strategy,the article uses entropy-comprehensive index method to calculate the elastic construction level of 41 cities in the region from 2003 to 2018.Besides,a spatial analysis method was used to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics.Our findings show that:1)The comprehensive elasticity index of all cities in the study area is on the rise,and the gap between cities is narrowing.A high-level elastic city pattern has been formed along the Yangtze River,around the Hangzhou Bay and in the southern Zhejiang Province.However,most of the peripheral areas of the Yangtze River Delta,such as northern Anhui Province and the northern Jiangsu Province,are still at a low elasticity level.2)The elasticity indexes of all cities have obvious spatial clustering characteristics.‘High-High’clustering appears in Shanghai and its surrounding cities,‘Low-Low’clustering appears in northern Anhui Province and northern Jiangsu Province,and‘LowHigh’clustering appears in Huzhou,Xuancheng and other cities.3)The distribution of engineering,social and economic elasticity characteristics are relatively consistent,which are relatively high in the municipality directly under the central government,provincial capital and economically strong city.However,the level of urban ecological resilience in the study area is generally low.The results suggest that urban engineering,social and economic resilience construction in the Yangtze River Delta region should pay attention to narrowing the regional gap in the future,the regions with better natural background should strengthen the maintenance of ecological environment,and the economically developed regions should improve the level of ecological environment governance.