略论启蒙时期法国理性观的几个特征

Several Characteristics of French Rational View in the Enlightenment Period

学术界总是对法国的启蒙思想多有微词,但法国启蒙思想对人类思想的贡献毋庸置疑,其所取得的成就与法国启蒙思想的三种特征相关,一是法国启蒙理性更关注现实世界,不喜欢超验世界之物;二是这种关注是建立在批判和反叛现实的基础之上,这使它更能发挥影响力;三是在批判现实的基础上,它寻求构建自己的普遍意识或普遍性理论。这种理论包括自由、平等、博爱等启蒙价值观、进步历史观和社会政治等一系列思想理论。

Although academic circles have always been critical of French enlightenment thoughts,its contribution to human thoughts is undoubted.Its achievements are related to three characteristics of French enlightenment thoughts.First,the French enlightenment rationality pays more attention to the real world and less attention to things in the transcendental world.Second,this attention is based on criticism and rebellion against reality,which makes it more influential.Third,based on critical reality,it seeks to construct its own general consciousness or universal theory,which includes a series of ideological theories such enlightenment values as freedom,equality and democracy,progressive historical views as well as social politics.