“葡萄糖氧化酶+过氧化氢酶+柠檬酸”组合添加剂对商品肉兔生产性能、免疫指标及养分表观消化率的影响

Effects of “Glucose Oxidase+Catalase+Citric Acid” Combined Additives on Performance,Immune Indexes and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Commercial Meat Rabbits

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的“葡萄糖氧化酶+过氧化氢酶+柠檬酸”组合添加剂替代抗生素对商品肉兔生长性能、免疫器官指数、血清免疫指标、腹泻率、死亡率和养分表观消化率的影响。试验选取健康的35日龄断奶伊拉商品肉兔300只(公母各占1/2),按照平均体重和性别随机分为5组,每组60个重复,每个重复1只兔。试验设空白对照组、抗生素对照组(基础饲粮+恩拉霉素20 g/t+金霉素52.5 g/t)、试验1组[基础饲粮+低剂量组合添加剂(葡萄糖氧化酶200 g/t+过氧化氢酶114 g/t+柠檬酸1.0%)]、试验2组[基础饲粮+中剂量组合添加剂(葡萄糖氧化酶400 g/t+过氧化氢酶228 g/t+柠檬酸1.0%)]、试验3组[基础饲粮+高剂量组合添加剂(葡萄糖氧化酶800 g/t+过氧化氢酶456 g/t+柠檬酸1.0%)]。试验持续35 d,其中预试期5 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:1)饲粮中添加不同剂量的组合添加剂对肉兔的末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比均没有显著影响(P>0.05);肉兔的腹泻率、死亡率各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但随着组合添加剂添加剂量的增加,腹泻率、死亡率有降低的趋势。2)试验2组的粗蛋白质表观消化率最低,与抗生素对照组差异显著(P<0.05),其他组间差异不显著(P>0.05);抗生素对照组粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于空白对照组及各试验组,空白对照组与各试验组差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验3组的圆小囊指数最大,与抗生素对照组、试验2组差异极显著(P<0.01);试验3组的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量与空白对照组、抗生素对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验2组、试验3组的血清分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)含量较高,与空白对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);试验2组的血清白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量最高,与空白对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。综上可知,随着饲粮中“葡萄糖氧化酶+过氧化氢酶+柠檬酸”组合添加剂添加剂量的增加,商品肉兔的死亡率呈下降趋势,免疫力呈上升趋势。综合分析生产性能、养分表观消化率和免疫指标,本试验条件下组合添加剂的适宜剂量为葡萄糖氧化酶800 g/t+过氧化氢酶456 g/t+柠檬酸1.0%。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dosage of“glucose oxidase+catalase+citric acid”combined additives in the diets to replace antibiotic on the growth performance,immune organ indexes,serum immune indexes,diarrhea rate,mortality and nutrient apparent digestibility of commercial meat rabbits. Three hundred 35-day-old weaned Yila commercial meat rabbits(half male and half female)were randomly divided into 5 groups according to body weight and sex. Each group consisted of 60 replicates with 1 rabbit per replicate. The control group included a blank control group(basal diet),an antibiotic control group(basal diet+enramycin 20 g/t+aureomycin 52. 5 g/t). And the experimental groups contained experimental group 1[basal diet+low dosage combined additives(glucose oxidase 200 g/t+catalase 114 g/t+citric acid1.0%)],experimental group 2[basal diet+medium dosage combined additives(glucose oxidase 400 g/t+catalase 228 g/t+citric acid 1.0%)]and experimental group 3[basal diet+high dosage combined additives(glucose oxidase 800 g/t+ catalase 456 g/t+citric acid 1.0%)]. The experiment lasted for 35 days,of which the pre-test period was 5 days and the trial period was 30 days. The results showed as follows:1)different dosage of combined additives in the diets had no significant differences in the final body weight,average daily gain and feed/gain(P>0.05). Similarly,there was no significant difference in diarrhea rate and mortality among groups(P>0.05),but the diarrhea rate and mortality showed a downward trend with the increase of combined additives dosage. 2)The crude protein apparent digestibility of the experimental group 2 was the lowest,which was significantly different from that of antibiotic control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05). The apparent digestibility of ash,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of the antibiotic control group were significantly(P <0.05)or extremely significantly(P <0.01)higher than those of the blank control group and three experimental groups. In addition,there was no significant difference among the blank control groups and experimental groups(P>0.05). 3)The sacculus rotundus index of experimental group 3 was the largest,which was significantly different from the antibiotic control group and experimental group 2(P<0.01). There was significant difference in serum immunoglobulin A(IgA)content between experimental group 3 and blank control group,antibiotic control group(P<0.05). The serum secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)content in experimental groups 2 and 3 was extremely significantly higher than that of blank control group(P<0.01). There was significant difference in serum interleukin-10(IL-10)content between the experimental group 3 and the blank control group(P<0.05). In conclusion,the immunity and mortality of commercial meat rabbits show an upward trend and a downward trend with the increase of“glucose oxidase+catalase+citric acid”combined additives dosage in diets,respectively. Considering the performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and immune indexes,the suitable dosage of combined additives in the diet is glucose oxidase 800 g/t+catalase 456 g/t+citric acid 1.0% under this experimental condition.