3种白纹伊蚊种群密度监测方法的效果比较研究

Comparison of three Aedes albopictus density monitoring methods

目的研究比较3种方法在白纹伊蚊密度监测中的效果。方法在山东省泰安市选择城镇居民区、农村居民区、废品收购站和公园4类生境各1处作为监测点,采用布雷图指数(BI)法、诱蚊诱卵器(mosq-ovitrap,MOT)法、双层叠帐法3种方法,于2020年4-11月每月上、中、下旬各1次,开展白纹伊蚊密度监测。蚊虫密度间差异采用χ^(2)检验,BI和诱蚊诱卵指数(MOI)间的相关性采用Pearson相关性分析。结果2020年4-11月平均BI为1.57,平均MOI为6.22,双层叠帐法平均成蚊密度为0.05只(/顶·h)。3种监测方法的季节消长趋势基本一致,密度高峰均集中在8月上旬。MOT法在5月上旬开始监测到白纹伊蚊成蚊,BI法和双层叠帐法在7月上旬开始监测到白纹伊蚊。BI和MOI呈正相关(r=0.957,P<0.001),MOI和双层叠帐法成蚊密度呈正相关(r=0.914,P<0.001),BI和双层叠帐法成蚊密度呈正相关(r=0.934,P<0.001)。废品收购站BI(5.16)>农村居民区(3.10)>城镇居民区(0.11)>公园(0.00)。公园MOI(6.90)>城镇居民区(6.82)>农村居民区(5.55)>废品收购站(4.84)。双层叠帐法成蚊密度[只(/顶·h)]废品收购站(0.32)>农村居民区(0.30)>公园(0.22)>城镇居民区(0.06)。结论泰安地区MOT法监测的白纹伊蚊密度指数相对较高,更能较早反映白纹伊蚊密度水平,预警蚊传疾病风险。BI法和双层叠帐法在白纹伊蚊密度高峰期适用性较大。

Objective To study the effects of three Aedes albopictus density monitoring methods.Methods One monitoring site each was selected in four types of habitats(urban residential areas,rural residential areas,waste collection stations,and parks)of Tai’an,Shandong province,China.The Breteau index(BI)method,Mosq-ovitrap(MOT)method,and double-layered mosquito net method were used to separately monitor the density of Ae.albopictus once each in the early,middle,and late periods of every month from April to November 2020.Differences in mosquito density were examined using Chi-squared test,and a Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between BI and mosq-ovitrap index(MOI).Results The average BI was 1.57,the average MOI was 6.22,and the average adult mosquitoes density by double-layer net method was 0.05 mosquito/net·h from April to November in 2020.The seasonal fluctuation trend of the three monitoring methods was basically the same,and the peak density was all in early August.Adult Ae.albopictus was detected by MOT method in early May,and Ae.albopictus was detected by BI method and double-layer net method in early July.There was a positive correlation between the BI and the MOI(r=0.957,P<0.001),and there was a positive correlation between the MOI and the adult mosquitoes density by double-layer(r=0.914,P<0.001),and there was a positive correlation between the BI and the adult mosquitoes density using doublelayer net method(r=0.934,P<0.001).the BI in waste collection station(5.16)>in rural residential area(3.10)>in urban residential area(0.11)>in park(0.00).the MOI of park(6.90)>urban residential area(6.82)>rural residential area(5.55)>waste collection station(4.84).The adult mosquitoes density by double-layer net method in waste collection station(mosquito/net·h)(0.32)>rural residential area(0.30)>park(0.22)>urban residential area(0.06).Conclusion The density index of Ae.albopictus monitored by the MOT method is relatively high,which can reflect the density level of Ae.albopictus at an earlier time to provide an earlier warning of mosquito-borne diseases in Tai’an city.The BI method and double-layer net method are suitable for density surveillance during the peak period of Ae.albopictus.