高Z-天然皮革复合γ射线屏蔽材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation of High Z-Natural Leather Composites and their γ-rays Shielding Performances Investigation

以天然皮革(CL)为基础材料,通过“等体积浸渍法”将高Z元素引入天然皮革中,制备了γ射线复合屏蔽材料(HZ-CL)。采用^(241)Am(59.6 keV)和^(152)Eu(121.78 keV)放射源对不同厚度、高Z元素和负载量的HZ-CL进行γ射线屏蔽性能测试,结果发现,HZ-CL的屏蔽性能随着复合材料的厚度和负载量的增加而提升。此外,Ba-CL对^(241)Am屏蔽效果明显优于Bi-CL,而Bi-CL对^(152)Eu屏蔽效果更好。当厚度为0.8 mm,Ba的负载量为5.46 mmol·cm^(-3)时,Ba_(5.46)-CL屏蔽材料对^(241)Am放射源(59.6 keV)的质量衰减系数达到4.42 cm^(2)·g^(-1)。当厚度为0.8 mm,Bi的负载量为5.46 mmol·cm^(-3)时,Bi_(5.46)-CL屏蔽材料对(152)^Eu(121.78 keV)放射源的质量衰减系数达到1.33 cm^(2)·g^(-1)。其中,0.8 mm的Ba_(5.46)-CL对59.6 keV能量的屏蔽性能与0.1 mm铅板(54.54 mmol·cm^(-3))相近。此外,γ射线屏蔽材料的物理机械性能的测试结果表明,HZ-CL除了具有密度小、柔软等特点外,还提高了天然皮革的抗张强度和撕裂强度,显示出良好的应用前景。

In this work,natural leather(CL)-based high-Z composites(HZ-CL)were successfully prepared by“equivalent-volume impregnation method”.The effects of different thicknesses,high-Z element kinds and loading contents of HZ-CL on shielding performances ofγ-rays in incident of 59.6 keV(^(241)Am)and 121.78 keV(^(152)Eu)were thoroughly investigated.It demonstrated that the prepared composites with higher thickness and element content exhibited better shielding performances.Furthermore,the shielding performances of Ba-CL was obviously higher than that of Bi-CL in incident of 59.6 keV.Meanwhile,Bi-CL decayed moreγ-rays energy than Ba-CL in incident of 121.78 keV.Additionally,the mass attenuation coefficient of Ba_(5.46)-CL was 4.42 cm^(2)·g^(-1) in incident of 59.6 keV,while it was 1.33 cm^(2)·g^(-1) for that of Bi_(5.46)-CL(0.8 mm)in incident of 121.78 keV.The protection performances of Ba_(5.46)-CL(5.46 mmol·cm^(-3),0.8 mm)was comparable to Pb plate(54.54 mmol·cm^(-3),0.1 mm)in incident of 59.6 keV.In addition to the advantages of low density and softness tensile and tear strength of HZ-CL.Therefore,HZ-CL shows well application prospects for the prevention the damage ofγ-rays.