应急封井装置对接方法数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on Docking Methods of Capping Stack Device

为了研究应急封井装置在垂直对接和水平对接时流场及受力变化规律进而对两种对接方式的对接失效风险进行评价,采用数值模拟的方法对不同喷速下应急封井装置应用垂直对接和水平对接两种对接方式时的对接过程进行模拟研究。研究结果表明:垂直对接时引流通孔对喷流汇聚和吸引作用明显,使得应急封井装置受力面积呈倒圆锥式逐渐减小,下放高度由3.0 m下降至1.0 m时迎流面受力下降60.23%,当井喷速度增加至250 m/s时迎流面受力下降较为明显,前后受力下降了66.15%;水平对接时由于是侧向进入喷流区封井装置单侧受力明显,喷流流场将出现分叉、偏转使得封井装置受力变化规律总体呈现抛物线状,前期逐渐增大,后期逐渐减小。由此得出结论:垂直对接时封井装置受力均匀,对接风险总体较小;水平对接时单侧受力明显,对接失效风险较大。

In order to study the change regularities of flow field and forces of capping stack device in the process of vertical docking and horizontal docking,evaluate the failure risk of two docking methods,numerical simulation method was used to simulate two kinds of docking process of capping stack device at different flow rates.The simulation results show that the diversion hole has obvious effect on jet convergence and attraction during vertical docking,which makes the forced area on capping stack device decrease gradually in the shape of inverted cone.When the lowering height decreases from 3.0 m to 1.0 m,the force on the upstream surface decreases by 60.23%.When the well blowout speed increases to 250 m/s,the force on the upstream surface decreases obviously by 66.15%.In the case of horizontal docking,the capping stack is forced obviously on one side since it enters the jet area laterally,the jet flow field will diverge and deflect,making the forces on capping stack device changing parabolically,the forces increase gradually in the early stage and decreases gradually in the later stage.Therefore,it can be concluded that capping stack device is forced uniformly and subject to low risk in the case of vertical docking,while in the case of horizontal docking,capping stack is forced unilaterally and subject to high risk.