热性惊厥患儿电解质水平、脑电图及头颅MRI联合应用价值的研究

Study on value of combination application of electrolyte level,electroencephalogram and brain MRI in children with febrile convulsion

目的探讨在热性惊厥患儿中血清电解质浓度、脑电图及头颅MRI联合应用的价值,为临床诊断、治疗、预防及预后评估提供临床依据。方法选取热性惊厥患儿200例为观察组(单纯型热性惊厥127例和复杂型热性惊厥73例)和93例仅上呼吸道感染所致发热儿童血清电解质结果作为对照组。回顾性分析所有入选者血清电解质水平、热性惊厥组脑电图及头颅MRI平扫结果。结果对照组血清Na^(+)水平高于单纯型热性惊厥组与复杂型热性惊厥组(P<0.05),而单纯型热性惊厥组Na^(+)水平高于复杂型热性惊厥组(P<0.05)。对照组K^(+)水平高于复杂型热性惊厥组(P<0.05)。单纯型热性惊厥组和对照组Ca^(2+)水平高于复杂型热性惊厥组(P<0.05)。复杂型热性惊厥组脑电图异常发生率明显高于单纯型热性惊厥组(P<0.05);复杂型热性惊厥组头颅MRI平扫结果异常(主要包括蛛网膜囊肿、发育性静脉畸形、脉络膜囊肿及髓鞘发育不良等)发生率显著高于单纯型热性惊厥组(P<0.05)。结论血清电解质水平、脑电图及头颅MRI联合应用对热性惊厥患儿的临床诊断、治疗及预防具有一定的临床应用价值。

Objective To investigate the value of combination application of electrolyte concentration,electroencephalogram(EEG)and brain MRI in children with febrile seizures,and to provide evidences for clinical diagnosis,treatment,prevention and prognosis evaluation.Methods Select 200 cases of febrile seizures[including 127 cases of simple febrile seizures(SFS)and 73 cases of complex febrile seizures(CFS)]as test group,and 93 cases of fever due to the upper respiratory tract infection were chosen as control group.The retrospective analysis was made concerning serum electrolyte level of all children and the EEG and brain MRI in test group.Results The serum Na^(+) concentration in control group was significantly lower than that in SFS and CFS group(P<0.05),while the Na^(+) concentration in SFS group was significantly higher than that in CFS group(P<0.05).The K^(+) concentration in control group was significantly higher than that in CFS group(P<0.05).The Ca^(2+) concentration in CFS group was significantly lower than that in SFS and control group(P<0.05).The incidence of abnormal EEG in complex febrile convulsion group was significantly higher than that in simple febrile convulsion group(P<0.05).The incidence of abnormal brain MRI results in CFS group was significantly higher than that in SFS group,which mainly included arachnoid cyst,developmental venous malformation,choroidal cyst and myeloid dysplasia.Conclusion The combination application of serum electrolyte level,EEG and brain MRI is helpful in clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention of child patients with febrile convulsion.