基于数据挖掘技术分析中医药治疗小儿便秘用药规律

Analyzing the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for constipation in children based on data mining technology

目的借助数据挖掘技术初步探讨近年来小儿便秘的用药规律。方法检索2009~2019年中国知网、万方、维普数据库中关于中药治疗小儿便秘的研究,筛选符合纳入标准的文献,建立Excel数据库,对药物使用、性味及功效进行频数统计及关联规则分析。结果共计175首方剂,中药163味,共计频次1894次。火麻仁、枳实、甘草、地黄、白术等十味药物为最常用药物。药物类别以补虚药为主;最常见药对为乌药-木香,玄参-麦冬,乌药-槟榔,玄参-地黄,麦冬-玄参,麦冬-地黄。三项关联中,麦冬、郁李仁→玄参,玄参、枳壳→地黄,麦冬、杏仁→火麻仁置信度最高。无论是药对或3味药物组合,显示行气药与行气药、滋阴药与滋阴药之间存在较大的关联性。结论中药治疗小儿便秘疗效肯定,以标本兼治为原则;注重健脾补虚、理气运脾、泻下清热、导滞消积;临床治疗需重视“气”与“津”的指导意义。

Objective To preliminary explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)medication rules for constipation in children by means of data mining technology.Methods The researches in the treatment of constipation in children with traditional Chinese medicine were retrieved in CNKI,Wanfang and VIP database from 2009 to 2019.All literatures that met the inclusion criteria were screened out.Excel database was established,the frequency of drug use,the taste and efficacy were analyzed by association rule.Results A total of 175 prescriptions were selected,involving 163 herbs,with a total frequency of 1894 times.The top ten herbs in terms of frequency included:hemp seed,Fructus aurantii,Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma,Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and Atractylodes macrocephala,etc.The herbs tonifying deficiency accounted for the major part.The most common drug pairs were Linderae radix and Aucklandia radix,Scrophulariae radix and Ophiopogon japonicus,Linderae radix and areca seed etc.In the three associations,Ophiopogon japonicus,Pruni semen→Scrophulariae radix;Scrophulariae radix,Fructus aurantii→Rehmanniae radix;Ophiopogon japonicus,Armeniacae semen amarum→hemp seed were with the highest confidence coefficient.Whether it was drug pair or three-drug combination,there was close correlation between Qi-regulating drugs and Qi-regulating drugs,as well as between Yin-nourishing drugs and Yin-nourishing drugs.Conclusion TCM treatment for constipation in children has definite therapeutic effect,with the principle of treating both symptoms and root causes;attention is paid to invigorating the spleen and replenishing deficiency,regulating Qi and activating the spleen,relieving heat and removing stagnation.The guiding significance of“Qi”and“body fluid”should be emphasized in clinical treatment.