植物自交不亲和SSK1基因的研究进展

Advances in Research on Plant Self-incompatibility SSK1 Gene

自交不亲和是开花植物最主要的一种避免自体受精的机制,在蔷薇科、玄参科、茄科等植物中普遍存在,由SKP1、CUL1、RBX1、F-box四个蛋白亚基组成的SCF(SKP1-Cullin1-F-box-Rbx1)复合体在其中发挥着重要作用。异花授粉时,花柱关键因子S-RNase在SCF复合体的作用下被泛素分子打上标签,因此被26S蛋白酶体降解产生异交亲和;自花授粉时,S-RNase不能被标记从而保持活力,分解花粉管中的RNA导致自交不亲和。SSK1基因作为一种新型SKP1基因,在泛素-蛋白酶体途径中起着重要作用。SSK1作为SLF和Cullin1蛋白的特异性衔接子,构成了靶向S-RNase的SCF复合物。本研究综述了SCF复合体的构型和SSK1基因作用,为研究配子体自交不亲和反应提供一定的理论依据。

Self-incom patibility is one of the most important mechanisms to avoid self-fertilization in flowering plants. It is widely found in Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, etc. It consists of four protein subunits: SKP1,CUL1, RBX1, and F-box. The composed SCF(SKP1-Cullin1-F-box-Rbx1) complex plays an important role in it.During cross-pollination, S-RNase, a key factor of style, is labeled by ubiquitin molecules under the action of SCF complex, and thus degraded by 26S proteasome to produce cross-affinity. During self-pollination, S-RNase cannot be labeled to maintain vitality and breaks down RNA in pollen tubes leading to self-incompatibility. As a novel SKP1 gene, SSK1 gene plays an important role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. SSK1 acts as a specific linker between SLF and Cullin1 protein, and constitutes the SCF complex targeting S-RNase. In this study, the configuration of SCF complex and the role of SSK1 gene were reviewed, which provided a theoretical basis for studying the self-incompatibility of gametophytes.