老鹰茶树狭叶润楠根际土壤和叶片中矿质元素的含量特征

Contents Characteristics of Mineral Elements in Rhizosphere Soil and Leaves of Hawk Tea Tree Mac hilus rehderi

为了探究老鹰茶树‘狭叶润楠’的产地环境和原材料品质安全,本研究在贵州省遵义市桐梓县夜郎镇狭叶润楠种植园中采集狭叶润楠的根际土壤和叶片样品,采用微波消解结合电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定土壤与叶片中的矿质元素含量,并利用富集系数分析叶片对土壤矿质元素的吸收能力。结果表明:(1)该种植园中狭叶润楠的根际土壤富含Fe、K、Al、Ti、Na、Ca和Mg等植物生长有益元素,Pb、Cr和As等重金属元素含量符合土壤污染风险管控标准;(2)狭叶润楠叶片富含K、Ca、Mg、Na和Mn等元素,其中,嫩叶的K、Cu、Pb、Co和Ni等元素含量明显高于老叶;(3)狭叶润楠叶片对元素的富集能力为Ca>Cu>Mg>K>Mn>Sr>Zn>Pb>Co>Cd>As>B>Na>Ni>Al>V>Ba>Tl>Cr>Fe>Ti,其中,嫩叶富集Zn、Pb、Ni、Co、As、K和Mg等元素的能力强于老叶,幼树叶片对Zn、Pb、Ni、Al、Na、Ca、Mg和B等元素的富集能力均强于老树的鲜叶。遵义桐梓地区的狭叶润楠种植园土壤污染风险低,且该物种叶片富含矿质元素,适合狭叶润楠种植与老鹰茶产品制作。本研究结果揭示了狭叶润楠根际土壤和叶片矿质元素含量特征及其富集特性,可为其产地土壤环境和原材料品质安全提供重要参考依据,助力当地老鹰茶树‘狭叶润楠’种植产业的安全生产与发展。

In order to explore production environment and raw materials quality safety of Hawk tea tree‘M.rehderi’,Rhizosphere soil and leaf samples were collected in the plantation of M.rehderi in Yelang Town,Tongzi County,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province.First the sample of rhizosphere soil and leaf were decomposed with the full automatic microwave,and then analyzed by the plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).This study mainly determined the contents of Mineral elements in soil and leaf samples(Al,As,B,Ba,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,K,Mg,Mn,Na,Pb,Ni,Sr,Ti,Tl,V and Zn),and used the enrichment coefficient to analyze the absorption capacity of leaves to the above elements in the soil.The results showed that:(1)In this plantation,the rhizosphere soil of M.rehderi was rich in beneficial elements for plant growth such as Fe,K,Al,Ti,Na,Ca,and Mg,while the content of heavy metal elements such as Pb,Cr and As meeted the standards for soil pollution risk management and control;(2)The leaves of M.rehderi were rich in K,Ca,Mg and Na,and the contents of K,Cu,Pb,Co and Ni in tender leaves were significantly higher than those in old leaves.(3)The enrichment ability of the fresh leaves of M.rehderi was Ca>Cu>Mg>K>Mn>Sr>Zn>Pb>Co>Cd>As>B>Na>Ni>Al>V>Ba>Tl>Cr>Fe>Ti,among them,the enrichment capacity of young leaves for Zn,Pb,Ni,Co,As,K,and Mg was higher than that of old leaves,and fresh leaves of young trees were more capable of enriching Zn,Pb,Ni,Al,Na,Ca,Mg,and B elements than the fresh leaves of old trees.The soil pollution risk of M.rehderi plantation in Tongzi area of Zunyi was low,and the leaves of this species were rich in mineral elements,which was suitable for planting M.rehderi and making hawk tea products.The results of this study revealed the rhizosphere soil and leaf element content characteristics and enrichment characteristics of M.rehderi rhizosphere soil,which can provide an important reference for the soil environment and raw material quality and safety of its production area,and help the safe production of the local hawk tea tree(M.rehderi)planting industry and development.