贵州百里杜鹃自然保护区杜鹃种质资源遗传多样性分析

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of the Rhododendron Germplasm Resources in Baili Rhododendron Nature Reserve in Guizhou

为了探明百里杜鹃地区杜鹃资源的遗传多样性水平及亲缘关系状况。采用SRAP分子标记技术对43份杜鹃资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行研究分析。结果表明:(1) 22对SRAP引物共扩增出542个DNA位点,多态性位点有501个,占总位点的92%;(2)等位基因数(Na)为1.945 0±0.228 6,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.639 9±0.305 7,Nei’s基因多样性(H)为0.364 3±0.142 2,Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.535 2±0.185 3;(3)通过UPGMA聚类分析得出,百里杜鹃资源多样性丰富,在相似系数为0.613时,43份杜鹃资源被分为3大类群,各类群之间亲缘关系较远,类群内亲缘关系较近。SRAP分子标记可有效揭示百里杜鹃资源的遗传多样性水平,且能够判别未知样品的种属亲缘关系。研究结果对百里杜鹃自然保护区的杜鹃资源保护、可持续开发利用有指导意义。

To explore the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of Rhododendron resources in Baili Rhododendron area. Using SRAP to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 43 Rhododendrons. The results were as follows:(1) A total of 542 DNA loci are amplified by 22 pairs of SRAP primers, and there are 501loci being polymorphic, which accounted for 92% in the total loci.(2) The number of alleles(Na) was 1.945 0±0.228 6, the number of effective alleles(Ne) was 1.639 9±0.305 7, the diversity of Nei’s gene(H) was 0.364 3±0.142 2, the Shannon’s information index(I) was 0.535 2±0.185 3.(3) UPGMA cluster analysis shows that 43 Rhododendron samples were divided into three groups when the similarity coefficient is 0.613. The genetic relationships among the groups are distant, and within the groups are closely related. We can conclude from the experiment that there are abundant diversities in Rhododendron resources, and SRAP is helpful for identifying the species relationship of unknown samples. SRAP markers can effectively reveal the genetic diversity, differentiation degree and genetic relationship of Rhododendron Baili Nature Reserve. The results are of great significance to the biological protection, sustainable development and utilization of Rhododendron resources in Baili Nature Reserve.