20个内蒙古野生藜芦居群遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 20 Wild Veratrum Populations in Inner Mongolia

为了解决目前藜芦属植物分类较困难,商品药材来源鉴别难度大等难题,建立3种内蒙古野生藜芦属植物(藜芦,毛穗藜芦和兴安藜芦)的分子生物学鉴别方法。利用ISSR-PCR分子标记方法对20个自然居群的243株藜芦属植物的DNA进行扩增。共检测到41个位点,其中共38个多态性位点,多态性位点比率(PPB)为92.68%,藜芦属物种间H(Nei’s基因多样性指数)为0.1132,I(Shannon′s信息指数)为0.0914,遗传距离为0.0867~0.5678。UPGMA树将三种藜芦属植物分为3大支;引物UBC807、3A8、3A62和UBC815均可各自鉴别3种藜芦属植物;同时获得了个藜芦居群各自的特征图谱,初步建立了藜芦属植物的分子鉴别体系。为藜芦品种鉴定、分子标记辅助选择育种提供理论基础,对保护藜芦优良种质资源以及促进蒙医蒙药产业的发展具有重要的现实意义。

In order to solve the current difficulties in the classification of Veratrum plants and the difficulty in identifying the source of commercial medicinal materials,a molecular biological identification method for three wild Veratrum plants in Inner Mongolia(Veratrum,Veratrum dahuricum(Turcz.)Loes.F.and Veratrum maaekii)was established.The ISSR-PCR molecular marker method was used to amplify the DNA of 243 Veratrum plants from 20 natural populations.A total of 41 loci were detected,of which 38 were polymorphic loci.The polymorphic loci ratio(PPB)was 92.68%,and the H(Nei’s gene diversity index)among Veratrum species was 0.1132,I(Shannon’s information index)is 0.0914,and the genetic distance is 0.0867~0.5678.The UPGMA tree divides the three species of Veratrum into 3 large branches;primers UBC807,3A8,3A62 and UBC815 can each identify the three species of Veratrum;at the same time,a characteristic map of each Veratrum population is obtained,and a preliminary establishment is made The molecular identification system of Veratrum plants.It provides a theoretical basis for the identification of Veratrum varieties and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding,and has important practical significance for protecting the excellent germplasm resources of Veratrum and promoting the development of Mongolian medicine and Mongolian medicine industry.