2011-2020年福建省某院老年恶性肿瘤住院患者特点分析

Characteristics Analysis on Elderly Inpatients with Malignant Tumor in a Hospital in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020

目的 分析福建省某三甲肿瘤专科医院老年恶性肿瘤住院病例的分布特征,为老年恶性肿瘤的科学防治提供依据。方法 调取某院2011年1月1日-2020年12月31日年龄≥60岁、首次住院恶性肿瘤患者的病案首页,依据国际疾病分类(ICD-10),回顾性分析病例特点。结果 老年恶性肿瘤病例46 593例,占全院恶性肿瘤病例的38.29%。老年恶性肿瘤男女性别比为1.53:1,男女癌谱和顺位呈现不同的分布。不同年龄段的病例在肿瘤分布上也存在差异。老年恶性肿瘤前10顺位的病种分别为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、鼻咽癌、乳腺癌、淋巴瘤、甲状腺癌,共占老年恶性肿瘤病例的84.53%。老年恶性肿瘤呈增长趋势(χ2=40.007,P<0.05)。结论 老年顺位靠前、病例构成比上升较快的恶性肿瘤可作为福建省老年恶性肿瘤早期筛查和防治重点,医院应加强相应的肿瘤专科建设,以适应老龄化社会带来的挑战。

Objectives To analyze the distribution characteristics of inpatients with senile malignant tumor in a Three A and Tertiary Tumor Hospital in Fujian province,and provide basis for the scientific prevention and treatment of senile malignant tumor.Methods The medical records of patients aged above 60 years who were hospitalized for the first time from January 1st,2011 to December 31st,2020 in a hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).Results There were 46593 malignant tumor cases in the elderly,accounting for 38.29% of the total malignant tumor cases in the hospital.The male to female ratio of senile malignant tumors was 1.53:1,and the spectrum and sequence of male and female cancers showed different distribution.There were also differences in tumor distribution among different age groups.The top 10 rank of malignant tumors in the elderly were lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal cancer,cervical cancer,liver cancer,nasopharyngeal cancer,breast cancer,lymphoma and thyroid cancer,accounting for 84.53% of malignant tumors in the elderly.Malignant tumors in the elderly showed an increasing trend(χ2=40.007,P< 0.05).Conclusions Malignant tumors with higher senile order and higher case composition ratio could be regarded as the focus of early screening and prevention of malignant tumors in the elderly in Fujian Province.Hospitals should strengthen the construction of corresponding tumor specialty to adapt to the challenges brought by the aging society.