基于Geohash编码的共享单车分层调度方法研究

Research on Hierarchical Scheduling Method of Bike-sharing Based on Geohash Code

为解决共享单车在运营中出现的供需空间失衡的问题,针对传统调度方法忽略了调度站间的车辆流动的不足,文中提出了一种分层调度策略,通过Geohash地理编码和用户骑行订单数据,分析不同区域范围的调度需求,将共享单车调度服务区划分为上、中、底三层,每层调度区内进行区间调度.基于车辆路径问题将调度问题模型化,在调度作业成本的基础上引入惩罚成本,以广义的调度成本最小为优化目标,考虑调度车容量的约束建立共享单车的区间调度模型,规划每层调度区内的调度路径.案例分析表明:分层调度方法和区间调度模型可有效地规划共享单车的调度方案,对比已有的分层调度方案,求解过程的收敛速度更快,模型时间复杂度较低.

In order to solve the problem of imbalance between supply and demand in the operation of bike-sharing,aiming at the shortage that the traditional dispatching method ignores the vehicle flow between dispatching stations,a hierarchical dispatching strategy was proposed.Through Geohash geocoding and user riding order data,the scheduling requirements of different regions were analyzed.The dispatching service area of bike-sharing was divided into three layers:upper,middle and bottom,and interval dispatching was carried out in each layer of dispatching area.Based on the vehicle routing problem,the scheduling problem was modeled,and the penalty cost was introduced on the basis of the scheduling cost.With the minimum generalized scheduling cost as the optimization objective,the interval scheduling model of bike-sharing was established considering the constraints of the scheduling vehicle capacity,and the scheduling path in each dispatching area was planned.The case analysis shows that the hierarchical scheduling method and interval scheduling model can effectively plan the scheduling scheme of bike-sharing.Compared with the existing hierarchical scheduling schemes,the convergence speed of the solution process is faster and the time complexity of the model is lower.