3D打印螺旋桨流固耦合特性数值与模型试验研究

Numerical and Model Experimental Study on Fluid-solid Coupling Characteristics of 3D Printing Propeller

针对3D打印螺旋桨模型作为船模拖曳水池备用桨的适用性问题,基于流固耦合算法和拖曳水池对3D打印树脂材料螺旋桨模型的流固耦合特性进行了数值与模型试验研究.通过试件拉伸试验和点钻机测量试验研究了3D打印试件的力学性能和3D打印螺旋桨模型的加工精度.结果表明:3D打印加工方向对成型实体的弹性模量和泊松比有一定的影响;3D打印技术在螺旋桨加工精度和稳定性方面有待提高;3D打印螺旋桨的流固耦合效应较相同几何的金属桨突出,水动力作用下叶片产生了非常明显的弯曲和扭转变形,桨叶叶梢区域螺距比减小,进一步导致其推力系数和转矩系数均小于金属桨的对应量.

Aiming at the applicability of 3D printed propeller model as spare propeller in towing tank of ship model,numerical and model tests were conducted on the fluid-solid coupling characteristics of 3D printed resin propeller model based on fluid-solid coupling algorithm and towing tank respectively.Then,the mechanical properties of 3D printed specimen and the machining accuracy of 3D printed propeller model were studied by tensile test and point drill measurement test.The results show that the processing direction of 3D printing has certain influence on the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the molded entity.3D printing technology needs to be improved in the accuracy and stability of propeller processing.The fluid-solid coupling effect of 3D printing propeller is more prominent than that of metal propeller with the same geometry,and the blade has obvious bending and torsion deformation under the action of hydrodynamic force.The reduction of the pitch ratio in blade tip region further leads to the thrust coefficient and torque coefficient of the blade being smaller than those of the metal blade.