烟盒包装对青少年的警示效应研究

Warning effects of tobacco packaging on teenagers

【目的】评价不同烟盒包装对青少年的警示作用,为改进我国烟盒包装提供客观依据。【方法】采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在上海市黄浦区2所初中和2所高中的学生中进行自填式问卷调查,共回收有效问卷1 238份。使用EpiData 3.1录入数据,SPSS 20.0进行数据分析。【结果】69%的调查对象支持我国烟盒包装印刷疾病图片,81.58%的调查对象支持图形警示应该占烟盒包装的面积>70%。图形健康警示标签的警示效果优于纯文字警示标签(P<0.05),其中真实图片的警示效果优于抽象图片。此外,真实图文警示标签在预防青少年吸烟、受支持程度这2个方面排序得分最高,与抽象图文警示标签和纯文字警示标签差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】图形健康警示的烟盒比纯文字健康警示对青少年的警示作用更强。青少年对采用图片警示持支持态度。建议在烟盒包装上印刷真实疾病图片的图形健康警示,以发挥烟盒包装健康警示的最大效果。

[Objective] To evaluate the warning effect of different tobacco packaging on teenagers and provide an objective evidence for improving tobacco packaging in China.[Methods]A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate students from two middle schools and two high schools in Huangpu District,Shanghai with a self-filled questionnaire survey,and a total of 1 238 valid questionnaires were collected. Epidata 3.1 was used to input data and SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis.[Results]About 69% of the respondents supported printing pictures of diseases on tobacco packages in China,and 81.58% thought graphic warnings should cover more than 70% of the tobacco package. The effect of graphic health warning labels was better than that of text-only warning labels(P<0.05),and the effect of real photos was better than abstract pictures. In addition,labels with real graphic warnings had the highest scores in terms of preventing youth smoking and the degree of support, which was significantly different from abstract graphic warning labels and text-only warning labels(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Cigarette packs with graphic health warnings have a stronger effect on teenagers than plain text health warnings. Teenagers support the use of graphic warnings. It is recommended to apply graphic health warnings with real photos of diseases on the cigarette packages to maximize the effect of the health warnings.