GAP/硝胺推进剂燃烧效率实验研究

Research on combustion efficiency of GAP/nitramine propellant

为掌握聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)/硝胺推进剂能量释放机制,阐明配方组成对GAP/硝胺推进剂燃烧效率影响机制,采用理论计算、爆热测试、粒度分析、残渣活性铝分析等方法,研究了高氯酸铵(AP)/六硝基六氮杂异戊兹烷(CL-20)相对含量、铝粉/CL-20相对含量及CL-20/奥克托金(HMX)相对含量对GAP/硝胺推进剂燃烧效率影响规律。结果表明,AP含量越低推进剂爆热越小,燃烧残渣平均粒径增加,燃烧铝凝团尺寸增大,推进剂燃烧效率下降;推进剂爆热随铝含量增加先增大后减小,20%铝含量爆热最高,残渣活性随铝含量增加而增大,铝含量越高单位时间形成铝凝团数量越多,铝凝团尺寸越大,推进剂燃烧效率越低;CL-20取代HMX,推进剂爆热增加,1 MPa下,CL-20/HMX质量比1︰1配方铝凝团尺寸最小;7 MPa下,全CL-20配方与CL-20/HMX质量比1︰1配方铝凝团尺寸较小,燃烧效率高。CL-20与HMX对铝凝团形态影响存在差异,全CL-20配方燃面铝凝团为珊瑚状,含有HMX配方燃面铝凝团为球形。

In order to grasp the energy release mechanism of GAP(polyglycidyl azide)/nitramine propellant and clarify the in-fluence mechanism of formula composition on the combustion efficiency of GAP/nitramine propellant,the relative content of AP/CL-20,the relative content of aluminum powder/CL-20,and the relative content of CL-20/HMX on the combustion efficiency of GAP/Nitramine propellant were studied by theoretical calculations,explosion heat test,particle size analysis,and residual active aluminum analysis.The results show that the lower the AP(ammonium perchlorate)content,the smaller the propellant explosion heat.With the increase of the average particle size of the combustion residue,the size of the combustion aluminum agglomerate increases and the combustion efficiency of the propellant decreases.The explosion heat of the propellant firstly increases and then decreases with the a-luminum content,where the highest explosion heat is obtained at the 20%aluminum content.The residue activity increases with the aluminum content.The higher the aluminum content,the more aluminum agglomerates are formed per unit time.The larger the alumi-num agglomerate size,the lower the propellant combustion efficiency.The explosive heat increases by substituting CL-20 for HMX.The aluminum agglomerate size is the smallest when the mass ratio of CL-20/HMX is 1∶1 at 1 MPa.Small aluminum agglomerate size and high combustion efficiency can be achieved when the mass ratio of CL-20 to CL-20/HMX is 1∶1 at 7 MPa.CL-20 and HMX have different effects on the morphology of aluminum agglomerates.The aluminum agglomerates of the full CL-20 formula are coral-shaped,whereas the aluminum agglomerates containing HMX formula are spherical.