中国内河港口效率、影响因素及时空演化分析——基于长江沿岸港口群的视角

Analysis of Inland River Port Efficiency,Influencing Factors and Spatiotemporal Evolvement——Based on the Perspective of Ports Along the Yangtze River

选取长江沿岸17个内河港口为例,运用随机前沿生产函数与外生性影响因素联合估算2012—2017年港口效率,使用收敛性分析工具研究港口效率趋同和发散情况。结果表明:长江沿岸港口整体平均效率偏低。其中,重庆及下游的江苏区内港口效率较高;安徽境内港口效率不高,存在“塌陷”现象。此外,经济发展水平、工业产值占比对港口效率提升有显著的促进作用,万吨级码头数量及进出口贸易增加则不会促进港口效率提升;长江沿岸港口效率收敛性较弱,各地区港口发展不均衡。

Seventeen inland river ports along the Yangtze River were selected as examples to estimate port efficiency from 2012 to 2017 by using a stochastic frontier production function and exogenous factors.The convergence analysis tool was used to study the convergence and divergence of port efficiency.The results show that the overall average efficiency of ports along the Yangtze River is low.Among them,the port efficiency of Chongqing and downstream Jiangsu region is higher;the port efficiency in Anhui province is not high,and there exists a“collapse”phenomenon.In addition,the level of economic development and the ratio of industrial output value have significant promoting effect on the improvement of port efficiency,while the number of 10000-ton docks and the increase in import and export trade will not promote the improvement of port efficiency.The efficiency convergence of ports along the Yangtze River is weak,and the port development in different regions is not balanced.