短时高温胁迫对二化螟幼虫存活及成虫生殖的影响

Effect of Short-term High Temperature Stress on the Survival of Larvae and Reproduction of Adults of Chilo suppressalis

试验研究高温胁迫对二化螟不同龄期幼虫存活及成虫生殖等特性的影响,以期为田间预测二化螟发生量及综合防治提供依据。分别对二化螟卵、各龄期幼虫和成虫进行短时高温处理,结果表明,高温对二化螟群体有明显抑制作用,单雌产卵量在温度高于37℃时,下降至42粒以下;高于43℃时,停止产卵。卵孵化率在温度高于41℃时,下降至55%以下;高于45℃时,不再孵化。低龄幼虫中1和2龄,温度高于37℃时,存活率下降至54%以下;3龄幼虫,温度高于41℃时,存活率下降至40%以下。高龄幼虫中4和5龄,温度高于43℃时,存活率下降至53%以下;6龄幼虫,温度高于43℃时,存活率下降至36%以下。二化螟幼虫存活率随着温度升高而明显降低,但随着龄期增加而提高。推断在田间生产中,夏季高温或是影响二化螟种群增长的重要因素。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of high temperature stress on the survival of different instar larvae and adult reproduction of Chilo suppressalis,so as to provide a basis for field prediction of the occurrence of Chilo suppressalis and integrated control.In this study,the eggs,larvae and adults of Chilo suppressalis were treated with short-term high temperature treatment.The results showed that high temperature significantly inhibited the population of Chilo suppressalis.When the temperature was above 37 ℃,the number of eggs laid by a single female decreased to less than 42.When the temperature was higher than 43 ℃,egg laying was stopped.When the temperature was higher than 41 ℃,the egg hatchability decreased to less than 55%;Above 45 ℃,no longer hatch.The survival rate of the 1 st and 2 nd instar larvae decreased to less than 54% when the temperature was higher than 37 ℃.The survival rate of 3 rd instar larvae decreased to less than 40% when the temperature was higher than 41 ℃.The survival rate of the 4 th and 5 th instar larvae decreased to less than 53% when the temperature was above 43 ℃.The survival rate of the 6 th instar larvae decreased to less than 36% when the temperature was higher than 43 ℃.The survival rate of Chilo suppressalis larvae decreased significantly with the increase of temperature,but increased with the increase of instar.It was deduced that the high temperature in summer might be an important factor affecting the population growth of Chilo suppressalis in field production.