静态储粮筒仓内部水平压力试验研究

Experimental study on the internal horizontal pressure under static grain storage in silo

为精确测量静态储粮下筒仓侧壁压力和储料内部水平压力的分布规律、机理和特点等,设计制作了一种能够测量筒仓内部水平压力的试验装置。以小麦为例,对模型筒仓进行了储粮静态水平压力试验。结果表明:随着装粮高度的增加,实际筒壁侧压力增长趋势逐渐趋于稳定,试验结果略大于Janssen理论值,证实了深仓中散体侧压力并未完全达到主动土压力所需条件;试验也验证了筒仓侧壁和内部水平压力的增长趋势存在差异,受仓体边界效应及粮食拱效应影响,同一深度处的仓内粮食压力分布会随着装粮高度的增加而发生改变,表明储料内部水平压力存在重分布现象。研究结果可为仓储结构荷载研究提供参考。

In order to accurately measure the distribution law,mechanism and characteristics of the side wall pressure of the silo and the internal horizontal pressure of the stored material under static grain storage,a test device capable of measuring the internal horizontal pressure of the silo was designed and manufactured.Taking wheat as an example,the static horizontal pressure test of grain storage in model silos was carried out.The results showed that with the increase of grain loading height,the growth trend of the actual cylinder wall side pressure tends to be stable,and the test results are slightly larger than Janssen’s theoretical value,which proves that the bulk side pressure in the deep silo does not fully meet the requirements of active earth pressure.The test also verifies that there was a difference in the growth trend of the lateral pressure and the internal horizontal pressure of the silo.Affected by the silo boundary effect and the grain arch effect,the grain pressure distribution in the silo at the same depth will change with the increase of the grain loading height,indicating that there was a redistribution of the internal horizontal pressure of the stored material.The results can provide a reference for the study of storage structure load.