铁路敞车端墙静动侧压力分析

Analysis of Static and Dynamic Lateral Walls′Pressure of Railway Gondola Car

针对铁路敞车内散粒货物的力学行为,采用颗粒流软件PFC3D建立铁路敞车与散料的离散元模型。模拟在相对静止与冲击工况下,敞车内部散料的运动状态,分析端墙静侧、动侧压力分布规律,并与各国标准进行对比,研究不同纵向加速度对动侧压力分布规律的影响。结果显示,在相对静止状态下,数值计算的端墙静侧压力值小于俄罗斯规范2002,与库伦土压力、TB/T 3550.2-2019、AAR M-1001-2015一致,但大于AS3774-1996;在冲击状态下,端墙动侧压力随着纵向加速度的增加而增加,加速度增加1.5倍时,动侧压力值增加2.26倍,左右侧端墙作用力发生突变。

According to the mechanical behavior of discrete cargos in railway gondola car,a discrete model is established between railway gondola car and coal material by using Particle Flow Code in 3D Dimensions,PFC3D.The movement of coal is simulated under relative static and impact conditions,the walls'statie and dynamic pressure are discussed and analyzed and compared with the national standards.The influence of different longitudinal accelerations on the dynamic side pressure distribution is studied.The results show that the side pressure values of the end wall calculated by numerical method are lower than the Russian standard 2002,consistent with the Coulomb earth pressure,TB/T 3550.2-2019 and AAR M-10012015,but greater than the AS3774-1996.Under the impact state,the dynamie latenal pressure of the lower end wall inereases with longitudinal acceleration.When the aceeleration inereses by 1.5 times,the lateral pressure value increases by 2.26 times,and the foree of the left and right end walls changes abruply.