基于物联网的环境监测系统设计

Design of environmental monitoring system based on IoT

随着人们生活水平的提高,对环境质量的要求也越来越高。低功耗远距离无线物联网通信技术的出现,为传统环境监测提供了一种新的解决方案。文中基于LoRa与NB-IoT技术,设计一种由两种低功耗远距离无线物联网技术混合组网的环境监测系统,通过LoRa与NB-IoT混合组网,可弥补NB-IoT年费较贵和LoRa无法通过运营商网络传输数据的缺点。传感器节点与汇聚节点使用LoRa模块实现远距离自组网通信;网关节点采用LoRa转NB-IoT方案,将LoRa自组网内数据通过运营商网络送至云端,并在云端实现实时数据显示和查询。系统通过低功耗控制器并结合低功耗算法增加节点续航时间。测试结果表明,文中系统整体性能稳定,可实现数千米距离低丢帧率的通信覆盖,以及传感器节点长时间的电池续航。

With the improvement of living standards,people′s requirements for environmental quality are gradually increasing.The emergence of low-power long-distance wireless Internet of Things(IoT)technology provides a new solution for traditional environmental monitoring.An environmental monitoring system with hybrid networking of two low-power long-distance wireless IoT technologies is designed based on LoRa and NB-IoT technologies.The hybrid networking of LoRa and NB-IoT(narrow band-Internet of Things)can make up for the disadvantages of the high annual fee of NB-IoT and the failure of LoRa to transmit data through the operators′network.LoRa modules are used at sensor nodes and sink nodes to realize long-distance adhoc networking communication.The scheme of LoRa to NB-IoT is used at gateway node to send the data in the LoRa ad hoc network to the cloud through the operator network,and realize real-time data display and query in the cloud.In this system,the low-power controller is used to increase the battery life of node by means of low-power algorithm.The testing results show that the overall performance of the system is stable,which can achieve communication coverage with low frame loss rate over several kilometers,and the long battery life of sensor node.