张家口市气象因素变化与急性脑卒中疾病的相关性研究

Association between the changes in meteorological factors and acute stroke in Zhangjiakou City of China

目的 探讨张家口市气象因素变化与急性脑卒中疾病的相关性。方法 收集2018年2月至2020年6月在该院神经内科住院的1 426例患者资料进行回顾性分析。收集患者人口学特征、生活方式、入院时季节及入院时气候信息。根据患者入住医院病因是否为脑卒中将其分为2组,已确诊患有脑卒中疾病者为脑卒中组,其他疾病患者为非脑卒中组。比较2组患者上述各因素,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析判断各因素对脑卒中发病的综合作用。结果 调查的1 426例患者中共有327例(22.92%)为脑卒中患者,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,患者年龄增长(OR=1.474,95%CI=1.073~2.025)、有吸烟史(OR=1.493,95%CI=1.033~2.159)、有饮酒史(OR=1.530,95%CI=1.094~2.139)、秋季(OR=1.418,95%CI=1.006~1.998)、冬季(OR=1.464,95%CI=1.035~2.071)、月平均气温下降(OR=1.486,95%CI=1.016~2.173)、月平均气压升高(OR=1.442,95%CI=1.009~2.060)为脑卒中发病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 张家口市脑卒中患者在秋、冬季节高发,月平均气温下降及月平均气压升高为张家口市脑卒中患者发病的危险因素,另外年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史也与脑卒中的发生密切相关。

Objective To investigate the association between the changes in meteorological factors and acute stroke in Zhangjiakou City of China.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1 426 patients who were hospitalized in Department of Neurology in our hospital from February 2018 to June 2020,and related data were collected,including demographic features,lifestyle,and season and climate information on admission.According to whether they were admitted due stroke,the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of stroke were enrolled as stroke group,and those with other diseases were enrolled as non-stroke group.The above factors were compared between the two groups,and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the comprehensive effect of each factor on the onset of stroke.Results Among the 1 426 patients,327(22.92%) had stroke.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that an increase in age(odds ratio [OR]=1.474,95% confidence interval [CI]:1.073-2.025,P<0.05),a history of smoking(OR=1.493,95%CI:1.033-2.159,P<0.05),a history of drinking(OR=1.530,95%CI:1.094-2.139,P<0.05),autumn(OR=1.418,95%CI:1.006-1.998,P<0.05),winter(OR=1.464,95%CI:1.035-2.071,P<0.05),a reduction in monthly mean temperature(OR=1.486,95%CI:1.016-2.173,P<0.05),and an increase in monthly mean air pressure(OR=1.442,95%CI:1.009-2.060,P<0.05) were the risk factors for stroke.Conclusions There is a high incidence rate of stroke in Zhangjiakou City in autumn and winter.The reduction in monthly mean temperature and the increase in monthly average air pressure are the risk factors for stroke in Zhangjiakou City,and age,history of smoking,and history of drinking are also closely associated with the onset of stroke.