双向FDI视角下制造企业绿色技术创新的实现路径——基于动态fsQCA的研究

Realization Path of Green Technology Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises from the Perspective of Two-Way FDI-A Research Based on Dynamic fsQCA

双向FDI对于制造企业绿色技术创新有着重要作用,企业应如何通过合理的IFDI和OFDI来促进绿色技术创新,是一项需要深入探讨的问题。同时,由于政府环境政策以及企业冗余资源等方面的差异,现有研究针对双向FDI与企业绿色技术创新之间关系的结论并不一致。基于此,本文依据资源依赖理论,构建了制造企业绿色技术创新的要素联动模型,进而运用动态fsQCA方法探讨了“十二五”规划和“十三五”规划期间我国制造企业绿色技术创新的实现路径。研究发现:“十二五”规划时期存在“资源紧缺—双向搜寻”和“政策联动—外资融合”两种充分条件组态,“十三五”规划时期则存在“压力驱动—双向搜寻”和“环保补助—双向搜寻”两种充分条件组态,由此形成的绿色技术创新实现路径在构成要素上存在差异;同时开展IFDI和OFDI能够在推动绿色技术创新方面发挥较为普适的作用,但并非为必要条件;对于开展双向FDI但冗余资源欠缺的企业而言,在不严格要求高水平政府环保投资的前提下,环境规制的积极作用会随着时间推移而日益显著。研究结论丰富了绿色技术创新前因要素动态联动机制的相关文献,能够为制造企业的绿色技术创新活动提供借鉴。

Two-way FDI plays an important role in green technology innovation of manufacturing enterprises.However,how to promote green technology innovation through reasonable IFDI and OFDI is still an issue that needs in-depth discussion.At the same time,due to differences in government environmental policies and enterprises’slack resources,the conclusions of existing studies on the relationship between two-way FDI and enterprises’green technology innovation are inconsistent.Therefore,based on the resource dependence theory,it constructed a factor linkage model of green technology innovation for manufacturing enterprises.Furthermore,dynamic fsQCA method was used to discuss the realization path of green technology innovation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises during“the Twelfth Five-Year Plan”and“the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”.Research findings are as following.During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period,there are two sufficient condition configurations named“resource shortage-two-way search”and“policy linkage-foreign investment integration”,while during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period,there are two sufficient condition configurations named“pressure driven-two-way search”and“environmental subsidy-two-way search”.Moreover,the realization path of green technology innovation in different periods has different elements.The simultaneous implementation of IFDI and OFDI can play a universal role in promoting green technology innovation,but it is not a necessary condition.For enterprises carrying out two-way FDI but lacking slack resources,the positive role of environmental regulation will become more and more significant over time on the premise that high-level government environmental investment is not strictly required.The research results enrich the relevant literature on the dynamic linkage mechanism of antecedent factors of green technology innovation,and provide reference for the green technology innovation activities of manufacturing enterprises.