强制隔离戒毒人员体质健康及影响因素的横断面研究

A Cross-sectional Study on the Physical Health and Influencing Factors of Compulsory Isolation of Drug Addicts

为了探讨人口特征、身体成分指标、药物类型、药物史和强制性吸毒者身体健康之间的关系,对中国南部某省的1280名男性强制戒毒人员采用问卷调查、国民体质测试、体成分分析等方法进行资料(数据)收集整理,横断面及回归研究,分析戒毒人员不同年龄段、毒品种类、吸毒年限等亚组间的国民体质合格率差异以及这些因素对合格率较低的单项指标之间的影响,探索强制戒毒人员人口学特征、体成分指标、毒品种类、吸毒年限与体质健康之间的关系。结果显示,戒毒人员总体体质水平处于较差至中等水平,合格率较低(67.9%),其中单项测试中,肺活量、俯卧撑、纵跳和闭眼单脚站立合格率最低(<40%)。吸食毒品种类与肺活量和闭眼单脚站立测试合格人数比例有统计学意义,其中吸食鸦片类较吸食冰毒类的戒毒人员肺活量明显偏低,而闭眼单脚站立测试成绩则明显较好(β=-0.27)。吸毒年限与握力和俯卧撑测试合格人数的系数有统计学意义,其中吸食毒品超过3年的戒毒人员,握力和俯卧撑不合格的风险明显高于吸食毒品时间不足3年的戒毒人员。年龄、毒品种类、吸毒年限对戒毒人员体质健康有明显影响并显现出新特点,为不同风险戒毒人员制定科学训练方案和康复计划提供依据。

In order to explore the relationship between demographic characteristics, body composition indicators, drug types, drug history and the physical health of compulsory drug addicts, 1280 male compulsory drug addicts in a province in southern China were collected and sorted out by means of questionnaire survey, national physical fitness test, body composition analysis, cross-sectional descriptive and regression research, and analyzed the different age groups, drug types, and To explore the relationship between demographic characteristics, body composition indicators, drug types, drug abuse years and physical health of compulsory drug addicts.The results showed that the overall physical fitness level of drug addicts was at a poor to medium level, and the qualified rate was low(67.9%). Among the single tests, the qualified rates of vital capacity, push ups, vertical jump and standing on one foot with eyes closed were the lowest(< 40%).The proportion of the types of drug taking and the vital capacity and the number of people who failed the closed eye and one foot standing test was statistically significant. Among them, the vital capacity of drug addicts who took opium was significantly lower than that of methamphetamine, while the results of closed eye and one foot standing test were significantly better(β=-0.27).The coefficient between the number of years of drug abuse and the number of people who passed the grip strength and push ups test was statistically significant. Among them, the risk of unqualified grip strength and push ups of drug addicts who took drugs for more than 3 years was significantly higher than that of drug addicts who took drugs for less than 3 years.Therefore, age, types of drugs and years of drug use have a significant impact on the physical health of drug addicts and show new characteristics, which provides a basis for the formulation of scientific training programs and rehabilitation plans for drug addicts at different risks.