基于景观要素的城市公园声景调控研究

Study on Soundscape Regulation of Urban Park Based on Landscape Elements

声景影响居民身心健康,探究城市声环境-人-景观之间的互动关系,改善声景,成为研究热点。城市公园是高密度城区居民远离喧嚣的重要场所。城市公园景观要素与声景内在关系研究,是调控公园声景的重要切入点。以使用频率高、声源复杂的河南省安阳市人民公园为例,通过高密度网格定点测量背景音和ArcGIS空间统计分析,对公园声景声压级分布进行空间制图;通过声漫步主观感知调查法和SPSS相关性分析,对大众声景感知进行分析。结果表明:景观要素影响了公园声压级和声源,公园声压级和声源影响使用者声景感知,并提出通过景观要素调控声景的具体策略。

The physical and mental health of urban residents is negatively affected by harsh environmental soundscapes.Exploring and improving the interactive relationships among acoustic urban environments,people and landscapes is an emerging area of environmental research.Appropriately designed urban parks can play an important role in providing less stressful environments for residents to experience a level of respite and quietness.The internal relationship between urban park landscape elements and the surrounding soundscape plays a critical role in regulating the soundscape effects on park users.This study focuses on People's Park in Anyang City,Henan Province,a park that has a high frequency of use and complex sound sources.Using a grid fixed-point measurement of the background sound and ArcGIS spatial statistical analysis,the spatial mapping of the sound pressure level distribution of the park's soundscape is evaluated.Employing the subjective perception survey of soundwalk and SPSS correlation analysis,the perception of the user's soundscape is analyzed.The results demonstrate that landscape elements affect the sound pressure level and sound source within the park,and when combined these affect the user's perception of the soundscape.Therefore,a specific strategy of soundscape improvement utilizing landscape elements is proposed.