美韩同盟再调整的进程、路径与挑战——以文在寅政府时期为例

The Readjustment of the U.S.-ROK Alliance during Moon Jae-in Period:Process,Impetus and Challenges

文在寅政府时期,美韩同盟在驻韩美军防务费用分摊、战时作战指挥权移交以及驻韩美军基地迁移等问题上进行了新的调整。这些调整是美韩两国战略利益的反映。其中,美国希望实现同盟功能的拓展,以配合其印太战略、遏制中国日益增长的地区影响力;韩国则希望主导对朝政策,推动朝韩关系缓和,为构建朝鲜半岛和平创造条件。美韩两国通过不同层次的利益交换实现了同盟利益的协同。其中,在朝鲜半岛层次上韩国的主导性增强,在地区层次上美国对美韩同盟的控制得以加强。但是,考虑到美韩在对华、对朝认知上的差异,以上调整方案仍然面临不少挑战。

The U.S.-ROK alliance has made new adjustments on the issues of USFK defense cost sharing,the transfer of wartime operational command and the relocation of US bases in ROK during Moon Jae-in period.These adjustments are a reaction to the strategic interests of the two countries.Among them,the United States wants to expand its alliance function to match its Indo-Pacific Strategy and contain China’s growing regional influence;ROK wants to play a leading role in policy towards DPRK,promote detente with DPRK,and create conditions for the construction of peace on the Korean Peninsula.US and ROK have realized the cooperation of interests through the exchange of interests between different levels,among which,ROK’s dominance at the Korean Peninsula level has increased,and the United States strengthened its control over the U.S.-ROK alliance at the regional level.However,given the differences between US and ROK in the policy towards China and DPPK,the above adjustment plan still faces many challenges in the future.