银行互联网化、区域经营跨度与商业银行的发展——基于城商行设立直销银行的证据

Internetization of Banking,Regional Business Span and Development of Commercial Bank:Evidence from the Establishment of Direct Bank by City Commercial Bank

以我国城市商业银行设立直销银行为例,检验区域性商业银行尝试进行互联网化的效果,并进一步对城商行跨区域经营的影响以及商业银行线上发展与线下拓展相结合的问题进行探讨。实证结果表明,设立直销银行将对城商行的存款吸收带来负向影响,但也增加了银行收益,其中前者主要体现在区域经营跨度较小的银行,后者主要体现在区域经营跨度较大的银行,且直销银行主要通过移动端而非网页端平台发挥作用。商业银行可在允许的区域范围内适当通过“线下拓展+线上渗透”的方式扩大市场并挖掘市场潜力,但相对而言,区域经营跨度较小的银行不宜盲目模仿设立同质化互联网平台。

Taking the establishment of direct bank in China’s city commercial banks as an example, this paper tests the effect of internetization attempt of regional commercial banks, further analyzes the regional business span of banks, and discusses the combination of online and offline expansion of banks. The empirical results show that the establishment of direct banks will have a negative impact on the deposit absorption of city commercial banks, but increase the bank income. The former is mainly reflected in the banks with small regional business span, while the latter is mainly reflected in the banks with large regional business span. Further analysis shows that direct banks mainly play a role through the mobile terminal rather than the web platform. The above findings suggest that commercial banks can appropriately expand the market and tap the market potential through “offline expansion + online penetration” within the allowable regional scope. However, for banks with small regional business span, it is not suitable to blindly imitate national commercial banks to establish a homogeneous Internet platform.The government should further promote the in-depth development of digital finance and place the foothold of digital financial services at the level of enterprise technological innovation. The formulation of relevant policies should be based on local policies and enterprises.