平台企业:制度空隙、规制与监管

Platform Enterprises:Institutional Voids,Regulation and Supervision System

由于平台经济中存在信息不完全与信息不对称、交易成本过高以及信任关系缺失等三类主要问题,加上平台经济作为新业态的内在特性的影响,平台企业的运行过程中存在大量的制度空隙。本文系统分析了制度空隙与平台企业之间的互动关系,指出平台企业在弥补制度空隙以谋取私人利益的过程中,促进了市场中的制度建设与完善,也推动形成了市场运行中新的制度空隙,并引发了平台企业的新一轮逐利行为。在这一过程中,平台企业与政府存在制度建设上的角色冲突,导致平台经济规制不足与规制过度并存的现象。因而,要规范平台经济发展必须坚持以下原则:其一,必须坚持鼓励创新、包容审慎的原则;其二,要在政府主导规制与监管体系的同时,接纳平台企业的产业自我规制,建立起政府规制和平台经济产业自我规制协调互动的规制与监管格局,共同推动平台经济健康发展;其三,平台企业应当主动承担其应有的社会责任。

Due to the three main problems of incomplete and asymmetric information,high transaction costs and lack of trust relationship in the platform economy,and the influence of the inherent characteristics of the platform economy as a new industry,there are many institutional voids in the operation of platform enterprises.This paper systematically analyzes the interaction between institutional voids and platform enterprises,pointing out that in the process of bridging institutional voids for private interests,platform enterprises promote the construction and improvement of institutions in the market,and promote the formation of new institutional voids in market operation as well,which triggers a new round of profit-seeking behavior of platform enterprises.In this process,platform enterprises and the government have conflicting roles in institutional system construction,resulting in insufficient regulation and over-regulation of the platform economy at the same time.Based on the above analysis,this paper proposes principles and paths for regulating the development of platform economy:firstly,the government must adhere to the"Encouraging Innovation,Cautious Inclusiveness"regulatory principle;secondly,under the leadership of the government,a regulatory and supervisory pattern of coordination and interaction between government regulation and industrial self-regulation of platform economy should be established,and the government and platform enterprises should jointly promote the healthy development of platform economy;thirdly,platform enterprises should take the initiative to assume social responsibility.