自由贸易协定环保条款促进了环境产品出口吗?——基于双重差分模型的实证分析

Have the Environmental Protection Clauses of Free Trade Agreement Promoted the Export of Environmental Products?——An Empirical Analysis Based on Difference in Difference Model

随着全球生态环境问题的日益突出,环保条款已经成为国与国之间自由贸易协定的重要内容。本文基于2002—2017年中国出口到157个贸易伙伴国的环境产品层面数据,构建双重差分模型考察FTA环保条款对环境产品出口的影响、作用机制及异质性影响。研究发现:(1)FTA环保条款显著促进了中国环境产品出口规模增长;(2)FTA环保条款对中国环境产品出口的贸易转移效应大于贸易创造效应;(3)相较于发达国家和非“一带一路”沿线国家而言,FTA环保条款对中国环境产品出口的促进作用在发展中国家和“一带一路”沿线国家中更加明显;与可再生能源设备、环境保护型产品以及环境友好型产品相比,FTA环保条款对中国环境产品出口的促进作用主要集中在环境监测分析和评价设备这类产品。

As the global ecological environment problems become more and more prominent,the environmental protection clauses have become an important content of the free trade agreement between countries.Based on the environmental products data of China’s export to 157 trading partners from 2002 to 2017,this paper constructed a difference in difference model to investigate the impact,mechanism and heterogeneity of environmental product export under the environmental protection provisions of FTA.The results show that the environmental protection clauses of FTA significantly promote the growth of China’s environmental products export scale.The trade diversion effect of the environmental protection clauses of the FTA on China’s environmental products export is greater than the trade creation effect.Compared with developed countries and non-OBOR countries,the environmental protection clauses of FTA have a more obvious role in promoting China’s export of environmental products in developing countries and OBOR countries.Compared with renewable energy equipment,environmental protection products and environmentally friendly products,the promotion effect of environmental protection clauses of FTA on China’s environmental products export is mainly reflected on environmental monitoring,analysis and evaluation equipments..