福清核电厂周边食品中总α和总β放射性水平调查与分析

Investigation of grossαandβradioactivity levels in foods around Fuqing nuclear power plant site

目的:掌握福清核电厂周边地区食品中总α和总β放射性水平。方法:在福清核电厂周边设置监测点和对照点,通过对6类25种167份食品样品进行调查,分析核电厂周边食品总α(β)比活度。并采用配对秩和检验方法,判定福清核电厂的运行对周边食品总放射性的影响;采用多样本秩和检验,判断不同品类食品总放射性的差异。结果:福清核电厂周边监测点和对照点的家禽家畜、蔬菜、粮食作物、水产品、奶类和茶青的总α平均比活度分别为0.65、1.96、1.41、3.80、1.33、7.67 Bq/kg和0.56、3.24、2.04、3.70、2.24和9.05 Bq/kg。监测点和对照点的家禽家畜、蔬菜、粮食作物、水产品、奶类和茶青的总β(扣除 40K)平均比活度分别为7.0、10.5、6.1、23.5、24.7、8.6 Bq/kg和7.4、8.3、14.5、22.1、21.3和11.0 Bq/kg。配对秩和检验得到福清核电厂周边监测点和对照点地区食品总α(β)放射性水平差异无统计学意义( P>0.05);多样本秩和检验得到不同品类食品的总放射性差异有统计学意义( χ^(2)=23.325、13.918, P<0.05)。 结论:福清核电厂自2015年运行至今未发现造成周边食品总放射性负担增加。

Objective To ascertain the activity concentration of grossαandβin foods around Fuqing nuclear power plant(NPP)site.Methods Totally 167 food samples of 25 kinds within 6 categories were collected from the surveillance areas and control areas around Fuqing NPP site.The total radioactivity was analyzed using the food samples.Paired rank sum test was used to determine the influence of the operation of Fuqing NPP on the total radioactivity in foods in surrounding areas.The multiple local rank sum test was used to assess the difference in total radioactivity in different types of foods.Results The average grossαin poultry meat,vegetables,crops,aquatic products,milk and tea was 0.65,1.96,1.41,3.80,1.33,7.67 Bq/kg in surveillance areas and 0.56,3.24,2.04,3.70,2.24,9.05 Bq/kg in reference areas,respectively,around Fuqing NPP site.The average grossβ(subtracting 40K)in poultry meat,vegetables,crops,aquatic products,milk and tea was 7.0,10.5,6.1,23.5,24.7,8.6 Bq/kg in surveillance areas and 7.4,8.3,14.5,22.1,21.3,11.0 Bq/kg in reference areas,respectively,around Fuqing NPP site.The Wilcoxon paired rank test showed that there was no significant difference in the grossαandβin foods between surveillance and reference areas around Fuqing NPP site(P>0.05).The Kruskal-Wallis H test showed that the radioactivity of grossαandβin different foods was statistically significant(χ^(2)=23.325,13.918,P<0.05).Conclusions The increase was not found in total radioactivity in the surrounding foods since the operation of Fuqing NPP in 2015.