6家医院碘治疗场所工作人员甲状腺 ^(131)I活度测量

Measurement of ^(131)I activity in thyroid of workers at the place of radioiodine therapy in six hospitals

目的:调查碘治疗场所工作人员甲状腺 ^(131)I活度水平及其主要影响因素。 方法:采用配额抽样的方法,按照碘治疗场所医院的不同类型,在山西省和山东省共选择6家开展碘治疗的医院,采用直接测量法,对76名碘治疗场所工作人员的甲状腺 ^(131)I活度进行了测量,并进行内照射剂量估算。 结果:共有5家医院的29人甲状腺 ^(131)I活度高于仪器的探测限,占全部被检测人员的38.16%,其中最高值为2 468.45 Bq,是1名负责手动分装放射性碘的医师。6家医院碘治疗场所工作人员甲状腺 ^(131)I活度差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),但手动分装 ^(131)I的医院测量结果高于自动分装的医院,差异有统计学意义( Z=1.75, P<0.01),两家手动分装 ^(131)I医院的12名碘治疗场所工作人员甲状腺测量结果全部高于探测限,中位数分别为324.59 Bq和331.98 Bq,4家使用自动分装仪的医院测量结果的中位数均低于探测限,甲状腺 ^(131)I检出率分别为32.61%、25.00%、10.00%和0。对于同一家医院,参与分装 ^(131)I的医生和保洁人员甲状腺 ^(131)I活度高于不参与分装的医生,差异有统计学意义( Z=2.44、2.12, P<0.05)。 结论:不同碘治疗场所工作人员内照射水平差异较大,使用自动分装仪可有效降低碘治疗场所工作人员内照射水平,应进一步加强碘治疗场所控制区工作人员的内照射监测。

Objective To investigate ^(131)I activity in thyroid of workers at the place of radioiodine therapy and its main influencing factors.Methods In terms of the types of hospitals,six hospitals that performed radioiodine therapy procedure were selected by quota sampling in the provinces of Shandong and Shanxi.^(131)I activity in thyroids of 76 workers at the place of radioiodine therapy was measured directly,and their internal doses were estimated.Results ^(131)I activity in thyroids was found to be above the detection limit for 29 subjects(38.16%)in five hospitals.The maximum value of ^(131)I activity was 2468.45 Bq for a doctor who was responsible for manual distribution of radioisotopes.In general ^(131)I activities in thyroid of workers at the place of radioiodine therapy of six hospitals were not significantly different(P>0.05).But the measurement result in the hospitals where radioiodine was distributed manually were significantly higher than that in the hospitals where radioiodine was distributed automatically(Z=1.75,P<0.01).Thyroid measurement result of 12 workers in two hospitals where radioiodine was distributed manually were all above the detection limit,with medians of 324.59 Bq and 331.98 Bq,respectively.The medians of ^(131)I activities in thyroid of 12 staff in the remaining 4 hospitals were all below the detection limit.The detection frequencies of ^(131)I above dose limit were 32.61%,25.00%,10.00%and 0.The measurement result for the doctors who participated in distributing ^(131)I and the relevent cleaners were significantly higher than for the doctors who did not participate in distributing ^(131)I at the same hospital(Z=2.44,2.12,P<0.05).Conclusions There was a significant difference in the internal exposure level among workers at the different places of radioiodine therapy.Using automatic loading device could reduce the internal exposure level of the workers at the place of radioiodine therapy.It is necessary to strengthen the radiological protection for workers at the control area of the place of radioiodine therapy.