柳蒿脂溶性部位对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢及肝脏的影响

Effect of liposoluble parts from Artemisia integrifolia on lipid metabolism and liver in hyperlipidemia rats

目的研究柳蒿Artemisia integrifolia脂溶性部位对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢及肝脏的影响。方法采用高脂乳剂建立大鼠高脂血症模型,给予辛伐他汀或柳蒿脂溶性部位进行干预,观察大鼠体质量及肝脏外观形态变化;采用全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清中三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin,DBIL)水平和碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)活性;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察各组大鼠肝组织病理变化;采用免疫组化法检测各组大鼠肝组织单磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶α(adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinaseα,AMPKα)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(sterol regulatory element binding protein-1,SREBP-1)和血管细胞黏附分子1(vascular cell adhesion molecule 1,VCAM 1)蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,给药第30天,柳蒿脂溶性部位组大鼠体质量显著降低(P<0.05);大鼠肝脏颜色暗红,体积稍小,表面光滑,油腻感轻,肝小叶结构完整,未见脂滴、脂肪样变性、空泡样变性,可见少量炎细胞浸润;大鼠血清中TC、TG和LDL-C水平均明显降低(P<0.01),HDL-C水平显著升高(P<0.05);大鼠肝组织SREBP-1和VCAM1蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),AMPKα蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。结论柳蒿脂溶性部位对高脂血症大鼠具有显著的调血脂和保肝作用,其作用机制可能为通过调节AMPKα、SREBP1和VCAM1蛋白的表达,从而调控血脂中TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C水平,维持体内脂质代谢平衡,避免肝脂化。

Objective To study the effect of liposoluble parts from Artemisia integrifolia on lipid metabolism and liver in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods High-fat emulsion was used to establish a rat model of hyperlipidemia,and simvastatin or liposoluble parts from A.integrifolia were given for intervention,changes in body weight and appearance of liver were observed.Levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total bilirubin(TBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL)and activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in serum of rats were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer;Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes in liver tissue of rats in each group;Immunohistochemical method was used to detect protein expressions of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinaseα(AMPKα),sterol regulatory element binding protein-1(SREBP-1)and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(VCAM 1)in liver tissue of rats in each group.Results Compared with model group,on 30th day of administration,body weight of rats in liposoluble parts from A.integrifolia group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);Liver of rats was dark red in color,slightly smaller in size,smooth in surface,light in greasy feeling,and in liver lobules,structure was intact,no lipid droplets,fatty degeneration,vacuolar degeneration were seen,and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration was seen;TC,TG and LDL-C levels in serum were significantly decreased(P<0.01),and HDL-C level was significantly increased(P<0.05);SREBP-1 and VCAM1 protein expressions in liver tissue of rats were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and AMPKαprotein expression was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Liposoluble parts from A.integrifolia has significant blood lipidregulating and liver-protecting effects in hyperlipidemia rats,and its mechanism may be through regulating the expressions of AMPKα,SREBP1 and VCAM1 proteins,thereby regulating TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C levels in blood lipids,maintain lipid metabolism balance in body and avoid liver lipidation.