常用芸香科柑桔属药材特征图谱鉴别研究

Identification of characteristics spectrum of six common Rutaceae and Citrus

目的 建立同时适用于芸香科柑桔属药材鉴别的HPLC特征图谱,为同属药材的鉴定及质量评价提供科学依据。方法 采用Waters Xselect HSS T3(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱;以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;体积流量为1.0 m L/min;检测波长为284 nm,采用相似度软件、SPSS软件和SIMCA-P 12.0软件对数据进行分析。结果 特征图谱研究结果显示,橙皮苷为6种药材的共有成分,特征成分为芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、水合橙皮内酯、川陈皮素和橘皮素;药材种内相似度均很高,种间相似度较低,种间存在明显差异;通过聚类分析和主成分分析能将橘、橙、柚3大类药材各聚为一类,并能区分橙不同成熟期的果实;通过偏最小二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)能区分不同成熟期橘的果实和果皮。结论 建立的HPLC特征图谱较全面地反映了常用芸香科药材的化学成分,分析方法专属性强,准确可靠,为柑桔属药材及其饮片鉴定、质量评价提供参考。

Objective To establish an HPLC characteristics spectrum suitable for the identification of Citrus in Rutaceae, and to provide scientific basis for the identification and quality evaluation of the same genus of Citrus. Methods The chromatographic column was Waters Xselect HSS T3 chromatographyic column(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), and acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution was used as the mobile phase with the gradient elution, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃,the detection wavelength was 284 nm. The similarity software, SPSS software and SIMCA-P 12.0 software were used to analyze the data. Results The main common components peaks of six medicinal materials were able to be found, was hesperidin. The characteristic components were narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin, meranzin hydrate, nobiletin, tangeretin;The similarity among six kinds of medicinal materials was very high, and the similarity among species was very low, and there were obvious differences among species;Through cluster and principal component analysis three kinds of medicinal materials tangerine, orange and pomelo can be grouped into one group, and orange with different maturity can be distinguished. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) was used to distinguish the fruit and peel of orange at different maturity stages. Conclusion The established HPLC characteristic spectrum established comprehensively reflects the chemical constituents of common Rutaceae medicinal materials. The analysis method is exclusive, accurate and reliable. It can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of Citrus medicinal materials and their decoction pieces.